Chapter 12 lecture 3 soft tissue tumors

Question 1

What is multiple endocrine neoplasia characterized by?

Answer 1

• Parathyroid tumors
• Pituitary tumors
• Pancreatic tumors
• Adrenal gland tumors
• Thyroid tumors
• Mucosal neuromas

Question 2

What are adrenal gland tumors also known as?

Answer 2

-Pheochromocytoma

Question 3

What are thyroid tumors also known as?

Answer 3

-Medullary carcinoma

Question 4

Patients with multiple endocrine neoplasia have what type of build?

Answer 4

• Marfanoid build (long thin face)

- Elongated limbs

Question 5

What is the typically the first sign of multiple endocrine neoplasia?

Answer 5

-Oral mucosal neuromas

Question 6

What are bilateral neuromas of the commissural mucosa highly characteristic of?

Answer 6

-Multiple endocrine neoplasia

Question 7

What is a rare pigmented tumor that usually occurs during the 1st year of life?

Answer 7

-Melanotic neuroectodermal tumor of infancy

Question 8

What does a melanotic neuroectodermal tumor of infancy appear as clinically?

Answer 8

-Black and or blue rapidly expanding mass usually found on the anterior maxilla

Question 9

How do they diagnose melanotic neuroectodermal tumor of infancy?

Answer 9

-Test for high urinary levels of vanillymandelic acid

Question 10

What is a granular cell tumor?

Answer 10

-Benign soft tissue neoplasm that shows a predilection for the oral cavity

Question 11

What is the most common site for a granular cell tumor?

Answer 11

-Tongue with the dorsal surface being the most common

Question 12

What does a granular cell tumor appear as clinically?

Answer 12

-Yellow or mucosal colored, asymptomatic sessile nodule that is less than than 2 cm.

Question 13

What can a granular cell tumor cause?

Answer 13

-Pseudoepitheliomatous hyperlasia (also caused by blastomycosis)

Question 14

What is S-100 positive associated with: granular cell tumor or congenital epulis?

Answer 14

-Granular cell tumor

Question 15

What can occur almost exclusively on the alveolar ridge of newborns?

Answer 15

-Congenital epulis

Question 16

What does a congenital epulis appear as clinically?

Answer 16

-Mucosal colored, smooth surfaced, polypoid mass typically less than 2 cm

Question 17

What arch do you typically see a congenital epulis?

Answer 17

-Maxillary on the ridge

Question 18

What differentiates a congenital epulis from a granular cell tumor?

Answer 18

-a congenital epulis does not have PEH (pseudoepithelomatous hyperlasia) and is S-100 negative

Question 19

What gender does a congenital epulis most commonly occur in?

Answer 19

-Female

Question 20

What is the most common tumor of infancy?

Answer 20

-Hemangioma

Question 21

What is the most common location for a hemangioma?

Answer 21

-Head and neck

Question 22

What are the two types of hemangiomas?

Answer 22

• Capillary

- Cavernous

Question 23

What might you do to tell if it is a capillary hemangioma?

Answer 23

-May not blanch clinically and is usually red in color

Question 24

What might you do to tell if it is a cavernous hemangioma?

Answer 24

-Typically blanches, and is a darker red to purple color

Question 25

What is a rare, nonhereditary developmental condition caused by the persistence of a vascular plexus around the cephalic portion of the neural tube?

Answer 25

-Sturge-Weber Angiomatosis

Question 26

Patients with sturge-weber angiomatosis are born with a dermal capillary vascular malformation known as what?

Answer 26

- Port wine stain | - Nevus flammeus

Question 27

T/F if a pt has port wine stain they have sturge-weber angiomatosis

Answer 27

False | -Not all people with the stain have sturge weber angiomatosis

Question 28

T/F Sturge-weber angiomatosis is unilateral and is usually associated with the trigeminal nerve

Answer 28

True

Question 29

What is a benign tumor of lymphatic vessels?

Answer 29

-Lymphangioma

Question 30

What are the types of lymphangioma?

Answer 30

- Capillary - Cavernous - Cystic

Question 31

Where are cavernous lymphangiomas more frequently found?

Answer 31

-In the mouth

Question 32

What are cystic lymphangiomas most often found?

Answer 32

-Lateral Neck

Question 33

Oral lymphangiomas occur most frequently where?

Answer 33

-Anterior two thirds of the tongue resulting often in macroglossia

Question 34

What age do most cases of lymphangiomas occur?

Answer 34

-Before 2 yrs of age

Question 35

What is a benign tumor of smooth muscle?

Answer 35

-Leiomyoma

Question 36

What is the most common location of Leiomyoma?

Answer 36

- Uterus - GI tract - Skin

Question 37

What is a benign neoplasm of skeletal muscle?

Answer 37

-Rhabdomyoma

Question 38

Who does the adult type of Rhabdomyoma occur in?

Answer 38

-Men

Question 39

In adult Rhabdomyoma where does it most commonly occur?

Answer 39

- Pharynx | - FOM

Question 40

In fetal Rhabdomyoma who and where does it occur?

Answer 40

- Young male pts | - Predilection for the face

Question 41

What are six soft tissue sarcomas?

Answer 41

- Fibrosarcoma - Malignant fibrous histiocytoma - Liposarcoma - Leiomyosarcoma - Angiosarcoma - Malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumor

Question 42

What are the four clinical presentations of Kaposi's sarcoma?

Answer 42

- Classic - Endemic - Iatrogenic immunosuppression associated - AIDS related

Question 43

What ethnicities can get the classic kaposi's sarcoma?

Answer 43

- Italian - Jewish - Slavic descent

Question 44

Where is the endemic type of kaposi's sarcoma found?

Answer 44

-Africa

Question 45

What is a malignancy of skeletal muscles?

Answer 45

-Rhabdomyosarcoma

Question 46

Where are the most common locations of Rhabdomyosarcoma?

Answer 46

-Face and orbit in children

Question 47

Head and neck metastases in the absence of lung metastases is possible because of what?

Answer 47

-Batson's plexus

Question 48

What is Batson's plexus?

Answer 48

-Valveless vertebral venous plexus that might allow retrograde spread of tumor cells and bypass the lungs

Question 49

What is the most common site for metastases to the soft tissues?

Answer 49

-Gingiva