Chapter 12- Mongol Eurasia and its aftermath, 1200-1500

Question 1

Ashikaga Shogunate

Answer 1

The second of Japan’s military governments headed by a shogun (a military ruler). Sometimes called the Muromachi Shogunate.

Question 2

Kamikaze

Answer 2

The ‘divine wind,’ which the Japanese credited with blowing Mongol invaders away from their shores in 1281.

Question 3

Yi

Answer 3

Korean dynasty that succeeded Koryo dynasty following period of Mongol invasions; established in 1392; ruled Korea to 1910; restored aristocratic dominance and Chinese influence.

Question 4

Zheng He

Answer 4

An imperial eunuch and Muslim, entrusted by the Ming emperor Yongle with a series of state voyages that took his gigantic ships through the Indian Ocean, from Southeast Asia to Africa.

Question 5

Yongle

Answer 5

Reign period of Zhu Di (1360-1424), the third emperor of the Ming Empire (r. 1403-1424).Sponsored the building of the Forbidden City, a huge encyclopedia project, the expeditions of Zheng He, and the reopening of China’s borders to trade and travel

Question 6

Ming Empire

Answer 6

Empire based in China that Zhu Yuanzhang established after the overthrow of the Yuan Empire. The Ming emperor Yongle sponsored the building of the Forbidden City and the voyages of Zheng He.

Question 7

Beijing

Answer 7

capital of the People’s Republic of China in the Hebei province in northeastern Chinacapital of the People’s Republic of China in the Hebei province in northeastern China

Question 8

Lama

Answer 8

In Tibetan Buddhism, a teacher.

Question 9

Khubilai Khan

Answer 9

Last of the Mongol Great Khans and founder of the Yuan Empire.

Question 10

Ottoman Empire

Answer 10

a Turkish sultanate of southwestern Asia and northeastern Africa and southeastern Europe

Question 11

tsar

Answer 11

a male monarch or emperor (especially of Russia prior to 1917)

Question 12

Alexander Nevskii

Answer 12

He was the prince of Novgorod. He convinced other princes that it would be best if they went along with the Mongols.

Question 13

Nasir al-Din

Answer 13

Persian mathematician and cosmologist whose academy near Tabriz provided the model for the movement of the planets that helped to inspire the Copernican model of the solar system.

Question 14

Rashid al-Din

Answer 14

Adviser to the Il-khan ruler Ghazan, who converted to Islam on Rashid’s advice.

Question 15

Timur

Answer 15

Member of a prominent family of the Mongols’ Jagadai Khanate, Timur through conquest gained control over much of Central Asia and Iran. He consolidated the status of Sunni Islam as orthodox, and his descendants, the Timurids, maintained his empire for nearly a century and founded the Mughal Empire in India.

Question 16

Golden Horde

Answer 16

Mongol khanate founded by Genghis Khan’s grandson Batu. It was based in southern Russia and quickly adopted both the Turkic language and Islam. Also known as the Kipchak Horde.

Question 17

Il-Khan

Answer 17

Means “peripheral khan based in Persia”. His’s khanate was founded by Hülegü, a grandson of Genghis Khan, and was based at Tabriz in modern Azerbaijan. It controlled much of Iran and Iraq.

Question 18

Bubonic Plague

Answer 18

A bacterial disease of fleas that can be transmitted by flea bites to rodents and humans; humans in late stages of the illness can spread the bacteria by coughing. Because of its very high mortality rate and the difficulty of preventing its spread, major outbreaks have created crises in many parts of the world.

Question 19

Yuan Empire

Answer 19

Empire created in China and Siberia by Khubilai Khan.

Question 20

Nomadism

Answer 20

A way of life, forced by a scarcity of resources, in which groups of people continually migrate to find pastures and water.

Question 21

Genghis Khan

Answer 21

Name means “universal leader. The was the founder of the Mongol Empire

Question 22

Mongols

Answer 22

A people of this name is mentioned as early as the records of the Tang Empire, living as nomads in northern Eurasia. After 1206 they established an enormous empire under Genghis Khan, linking western and eastern Eurasia.