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Bio 181 > Chapter 13 > Flashcards

Chapter 13 Flashcards

1
Q

Number and appearance of an individuals chromosome
Including size banding pattern and centromere position

A

Karyotype

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2
Q

Failure of synapse homologs to completely separate and migrate to separate poles during the first cell division of meiosis

A

Nondisjunction

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3
Q

Nondisjunction can occurs during ____________ or ______________

A

Meiosis 1 or meiosis 2

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4
Q

Euploid, aneuploid, polyploidy, monosomy, trisomy ARE ?

A

Results of NONDISJUNCTION

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5
Q

Euploid

A

Individual with the appropriate number of chromosomes for their species

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6
Q

Individual with an error in chromosome number
Including deletions and duplications of chromosome segments

A

Aneuploidy

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7
Q

Loss of one chromosome
Humans missing an autosome fail to develop at birth

A

Monosomy

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8
Q

Gain of a chromosome
Down syndrome

A

Trisomy

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9
Q

Individual with an incorrect number of chromosome set

A

Polyploidy

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10
Q

Polyploidy is very common in _____

A

Plants

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11
Q

Condensation of X chromosome into BARR bodies during embryonic development in females
Compensate for double genetic dose

A

X Inactivation

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12
Q

Example of X inactivation

A

Tortoiseshell Cat

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13
Q

Chromosomal segment may be _______,__________,__________,or __________

A

Duplicated
Deleted
Inverted
Translocated

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14
Q

Duplication of a region of chromosome that contains a gene

EX: many types of cancer(oncogene)

A

Duplication

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15
Q

Loss of some portion of a chromosome, usually causes serious or lethal disorder

EX: cri-du-chat, deletion of most of 5p(small armor chromosome 5)

A

Deletion

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16
Q

Detachment, 180 rotation and reinserting part of a chromosome
Mild effects

EX: most common on chromosome 9

A

Inversion

17
Q

Segment of chromosome disassociates and reattaches to a different non homologous chromosome
EX:schizophrenia, cancer

A

Translocation

18
Q

Changes in sex chromosome number may Impair learning or motor skills or be undetected

A

Changes in sex chromosome number

19
Q

Female sex chromosome abnormalities

A

Tumer syndrome (XO)
-XXX syndrome (three or more chromosome)

20
Q

Male sex chromosome abnormalities

A

Klinefller syndrome (XXY)
XYY syndrome

Bio 181 (9 decks)

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