chapter 13

Question 1

the hand is composed of which bones?

Answer 1

thumb, fingers, metacarpals, & phalanges

Question 2

the carpometacarpal joint of the thumb is made of what type of joint?

Answer 2

saddle joint

Question 3

what is the CMC joint of the thumb comprise of ?

Answer 3

the trapezium & the 1st metacarpal

Question 4

another term for thumb extension?

Answer 4

radial abduction

Question 5

what is another term for thumb abduction?

Answer 5

palmar abduction

Question 6

where are the CMC joints located?

Answer 6

between the wrist and metacarpal joints

Question 7

where is the metacarpophalanges?

Answer 7

the bottom of the phalanges (knuckles)

Question 8

where is the proximal interphalanges (PIP)?

Answer 8

closest joint towards the hand (middle of fingers)

Question 9

where is the distal interphalanges (DIP)?

Answer 9

towards the tip

Question 10

where is the reference point for finger abduction?

Answer 10

middle or 3rd phalange

Question 11

what joint motions can the phalanges do?

Answer 11

flexion/extension

Question 12

how many phalanges make up the fingers?

Answer 12

3 phalanges

Question 13

how many phalanges make up the thumb?

Answer 13

2 phalanges

Question 14

what is the base of a phalange?

Answer 14

the most proximal end

Question 15

what is the head of the phalange?

Answer 15

the distal end

Question 16

a fibrous band on the anterior side of the wrist, which is made up of the transverse carpal ligament (superficially) & the palmar carpal ligament which keeps the tendons from “bowing out” or pushing through the skin?

Answer 16

flexor retinaculum

Question 17

arches over the carpal bones forming a tunnel for the passage of the long finger flexor tendons & the median nerve

Answer 17

transverse carpal ligament

Question 18

a fibrous band that transverses the posterior side of the wrist; which holds the extensor tendons close to the wrist

Answer 18

extensor retinaculum ligament

Question 19

why is the hand naturally concave?

Answer 19

skeleton, ligaments, & arches

Question 20

which type of muscle proximally attaches proximal to the wrist, is an assistive role in writ function, & their primary function at the thumb or finger?

Answer 20

extrinsic (outside the wrist)

Question 21

which type of muscle attaches at or distally to the carpals, used for fine motor control/precision movement of the hand? (can be divided into thenar,hypothenar,&palm)

Answer 21

intrinsic (inside the hand)

Question 22

O= medial epicondyle of humerus & coronoid
process
I= sides of the middle phalanx 2-5
A= MCP/PIP flexion, assists with wrist flexion

Answer 22

flexor digitorum superficialis

Question 23

O= upper 3/4 of ulna
I= distal phalanx 2-5
A= MCP, PIP, DIP flexion 2-5

Answer 23

flexor digitorum profundus

Question 24

O= lateral epicondyle of humerus
I= base of distal phalanx 2-5
A= mainly MCP extension, PIP & DIP extension 2-5

Answer 24

extensor digitorum

Question 25

``` O= distal ulna I= base of distal phalanx of 2nd finger A= MCP, PIP, DIP extension of 2nd finger ```

Answer 25

extensor indicis

Question 26

``` O= lateral epicondyle of humerus I= base of distal phalanx, 5th finger A= MCP, PIP, DIP extension of 5th finger ```

Answer 26

extensor digitorum minimi

Question 27

what is the latin term for thumb?

Answer 27

pollicis

Question 28

``` O= anterior radius I= distal phalanx of thumb A= thumb MCP & ICP (tip of the thumb) ```

Answer 28

flexor pollicis longus

Question 29

``` O= posterior radius, interosseous membrane I= base of 1st metacarpal (moves CMC0 A= thumb MCP extension ```

Answer 29

extensor pollicis brevis

Question 30

``` O= middle posterior ulna & interosseous membrane I= base of distal phalanx of thumb A= MCP and ICP extension of the thumb ```

Answer 30

extensor pollicis longus

Question 31

what is the bulky pad at the base of ones thumb?

Answer 31

thenar muscles

Question 32

what is the bulky pad on the side of the little finger?

Answer 32

hypothenar muscles

Question 33

what muscles make up the thenar?

Answer 33

flexor pollicis brevis, abductor pollicis brevis, & opponens pollicis

Question 34

what muscles make up the hypothenar?

Answer 34

flexor digitorum minimi, abductor digiti minimi, & opponens digiti minimi

Question 35

what is the functional hand position?

Answer 35

wrist slightly extended, with the MCP & ICP slightly flexed, & the thumb in opposition

Question 36

used when an object needs to be forcefully held | example: holding a hammer or using a door knob

Answer 36

power grips

Question 37

used when an object needs to be manipulated | example: holding a pen or threading a needle

Answer 37

precision grip