Chapter 13

Question 0

Solvent

Answer 0

The majority component in a solution

Question 1

Solution

Answer 1

Homogeneous mixture compose of a solvent and a solute

Question 2

Solute

Answer 2

The minority component in a solution.

Question 3

Common laboratory solvens (polar)

Answer 3

Water
Acetone
Methyl alcohol

Question 4

Common no polar solvents

Answer 4

Hexane
Dieth ether
Toluene

Question 5

Acetone

Answer 5

CH3COCH3

Question 6

Methyl alcohol

Answer 6

CH3OH

Question 7

Hexane

Answer 7

C6H14

Question 8

Diethyl ether

Answer 8

CH3CH2OCH2CH3

Question 9

Toluene

Answer 9

C7H8

Question 10

Solubility

Answer 10

Is defined as the amount of the compound, usually in grams, that dissolves in a certain amount of liquid.

Question 11

Saturated solution

Answer 11

When the solvent holds the maximum amount of solute it can before some of the solute doesn’t dissolve.

Question 12

Unsaturated solution

Answer 12

Where the solvent is holding any less than the maximum amount of solute it can.

Question 13

Supersaturated solution

Answer 13

A solvent that has more than the maximum amount of solute. The extra solute will precipitate.

Question 14

Soluable ionic solids form ___________ solutions

Answer 14

Electrolyte

Question 15

Soluable molecular solids form __________ solutions.

Answer 15

nonelectrolyte

Question 16

Recryatalization

Answer 16

Involves putting the solid into water at an elevated temperature. While the solid cools slowly enough the extra solute can form crystals.

Question 17

Solids soluability _________ with increased temperature

Answer 17

Increases

Question 18

Gases soluability _______ with increased temperature

Answer 18

Decreases

Question 19

The _______ the pressure above the liquid, the ______ soluable the gas is in the liquid.

Answer 19

Higher
More

Known as Henry’s law

Question 20

A ______ solution is one containing a small amount of solute relative to the solvent.

Answer 20

Dilute

Question 21

A concentrated solution

Answer 21

Is a solution that contains large amounts of solute compared to the solvent.

Question 22

Ion concentration of a ________ compound usually reflects the concentration of the solute as it actually exists in the solution.

Answer 22

Molecular

Question 23

The concentration of solution containing an ______ compound reflects the concentration of the solute before it is dissolved in solution.

Answer 23

Ionic

Question 24

To solve ion concentration for molecular compounds you need to

Answer 24

Just find the molarity. 1 m glucose means 1 mol of glucose per liter

Question 25

To find the ion concentration of an ionic compound you need to

Answer 25

Multiply the reported molarity by the number of molecules in each element, they can be different. Na2PO4 molarity 1.5 Na=1.5(2)= 3.0 molarity PO4= 1.5(1)= 1.5 molarity

Question 26

Dilution equation

Answer 26

(Molarity1)(Volume1)=(Molarity2)(Volume2)

Question 27

Stock solution

Answer 27

Is a method of storing chemicals in highly concentrated solutions. Often requires dilution (mixture with more solvent) to become usable.

Question 28

Molality=

Answer 28

Moles solute/kilograms solvent

Question 29

Tf

Answer 29

Change in temperature of the freezing point in C

Question 30

m

Answer 30

Molality

Question 31

Kf

Answer 31

Freezing point depression constant for the solvent Water= 1.86

Question 32

Boiling point elevation of a solution

Answer 32

Tb= m*Kb

Question 33

Kb

Answer 33

.512