Chapter 13

Question 1

An ________ is a hydrocarbon in which one or more carbon-carbon multiple bonds (double, triple, both) are present.

Answer 1

unsaturated hydrocarbon

Question 2

A ______ is the part of an organic molecule where most of its chemical reactions occur.

Answer 2

functional group

Question 3

Unsaturated hydrocarbons are divided into 3 groups on the basis of the type of multiple bond present. What are the 3 groups?

Answer 3

alkenes;
alkynes;
aromatic hydrocarbons

Question 4

This group contains one or more carbon-carbon triple bonds.

Answer 4

alkynes

Question 5

This group exhibits a special type of “delocalized” bonding that involves a six-membered carbon ring.

Answer 5

aromatic hydrocarbons

Question 6

An ______ is an acyclic unsaturated hydrocarbon that contains one or more carbon-carbon double bonds.

Answer 6

alkene

Question 7

The ______ refers to the total number of C atom positions within a molecule that could accept additional H atoms if we alter the carbon/carbon bonding at those positions.

Answer 7

degree of saturation

Question 8

A _____ is a cyclic unsaturated hydrocarbon that contains one or more carbon-carbon double bonds with the ring system.

Answer 8

cycloalkene

Question 9

Cyclic alkenes are cyclic ring systems with at least one carbon/carbon double bond located somewhere within the ring structure. These molecules are also called ______.

Answer 9

cycloalkenes

Question 10

What is the IUPAC prefix for 1 carbon?

Answer 10

meth-

Question 11

What is the IUPAC prefix for 2 carbons?

Answer 11

eth-

Question 12

What is the IUPAC prefix for 3 carbons?

Answer 12

prop-

Question 13

What is the IUPAC prefix for 4 carbons?

Answer 13

but-

Question 14

What is the IUPAC prefix for 5 carbons?

Answer 14

pent-

Question 15

What is the IUPAC prefix for 6 carbons?

Answer 15

hex-

Question 16

What is the IUPAC prefix for 7 carbons?

Answer 16

hept-

Question 17

What is the IUPAC prefix for 8 carbons?

Answer 17

oct-

Question 18

What is the IUPAC prefix for 9 carbons?

Answer 18

non-

Question 19

What is the IUPAC prefix for 10 carbons?

Answer 19

dec-

Question 20

If the molecules have the same structure with the same number of carbon and hydrogen atoms and only differ by the position of the C=C double bond, they are called _______.

Answer 20

positional isomers

Question 21

An ______ is a noncyclic hydrocarbon substituent in which a carbon-carbon double bond is present.

Answer 21

alkenyl group

Question 22

Dienes can be made in one of three different configurations. What are they called?

Answer 22

conjugated;
isolated;
cumulative

Question 23

Dienes that are conjugated have __________.

Answer 23

alternating double and single bonds

Question 24

Dienes that are isolated are _______.

Answer 24

separated by 2 or more single bonds

Question 25

Dienes that are cumulative are _________.

Answer 25

very rare for open chains and no cyclic structures

Question 26

______ are constitutional isomers that have different carbon-chain arrangements as well as different hydrogen atom arrangements.

Answer 26

Skeletal isomers

Question 27

A ______ is a compound used by insects (and some animals) to transmit a message to other members of the same species.

Answer 27

pheromone

Question 28

A ______ is an organic compound whose carbon skeleton is composed of 2 or more 5-carbon isoprene structural units.

Answer 28

terpene

Question 29

Hydrocarbons with at least one carbon/carbon triple bond are classified as _______.

Answer 29

alkynes

Question 30

The _______ is the business end of a molecule. In other words, this is the particular location where most of the unique chemistry or chemical reactivity of the molecule is found.

Answer 30

functional group

Question 31

All molecules with at least one carbon/carbon triple bond are grouped into a family of compounds with similar chemical properties called ______.

Answer 31

alkynes