Chapter 13 Eye and Ear

Question 1

Ophthalmology/ophthalmologist

Answer 1

the diagnosis and treatment of disorders and diseases of the eye; the specialist

ophthalm/o = eye
-logy = study of

Question 2

Audiology/audiologist

Answer 2

the diagnosis, treatment, and prevention of hearing disorders; the healthcare specialist in this field

audi/o = hearing
-logy = study of

Question 3

Otorhinolaryngology/otorhinolaryngologist

Answer 3

the diagnosis and treatment of disorders of the ears, nose, and throat (ENT); the specialist

ot/o = ear
rhin/o = nose
laryng/o = throat
-logy = study of

Question 4

Blepharedema

Answer 4

swelling of the eyelid

blephar/o = eyelid
-edema = swelling

Question 5

Blepharitis

Answer 5

inflammation of the eyelid

blephar/o = eyelid
-itis = inflammation

Question 6

Blepharochalasis

Answer 6

hypertrophy of the skin of the eyelid

blephar/o = eyelid
-chalasis = relaxation, slackening

Question 7

Blepharoptosis

Answer 7

drooping of the upper eyelid

blephar/o = eyelid
-ptosis = drooping

Question 8

Ectropion

Answer 8

Turning outward (eversion) of the eyelid, exposing the conjunctiva

ec- = out
trop/o = turning
-ion = process of

Question 9

Entropion

Answer 9

turning inward of the eyelid toward the eye

en- = in
trop/o = turning
-ion = process of

Question 10

Amblyopia

Answer 10

dull or dim vision due to disease

ambly/o = dull, dim
-opia = vision condition

Question 11

Diplopia

Answer 11

Double vision

Emetropia = normal vision

dipl/o = double
-opia = vision condition

Question 12

Esotropia

Answer 12

turning inward of one or both eyes

eso- = inward
trop/o = turning
-ia = condition

Question 13

Exophthalmia

Answer 13

Protrusion of the eyeball from its orbit; may be congenital or the result of an endocrine disorder

ex- = out
ophthalm/o = eye
-ia = condition

Question 14

Exotropia

Answer 14

turning outward of one or both eyes

exo- = outward
trop/o = turning
-ia = condition

Question 15

Photophobia

Answer 15

Extreme sensitivity to light

phot/o = light
-phobia = condition of fear, aversion

Question 16

Strabismus

Answer 16

General term for a lack of coordination between the eyes, usually due to a muscle weakness or paralysis.

Sometimes called a “squint,” which refers to the patient’s effort to correct the disorder

Question 17

Aphakia

Answer 17

Condition of no lens, either congenital or acquired

a- = no, not, without
phak/o = lens
-ia = condition

Question 18

Cataract

Answer 18

Progressive loss of transparency of the lens of the eye

Question 19

Glaucoma

Answer 19

Group of disorders characterized by abnormal intraocular pressure (IOP) due to obstruction of the outflow of the aqueous humor

glauc/o = gray, bluish green
-oma = mass

Question 20

Otalgia

Answer 20

Earache, pain in the ear

also called otodynia

ot/o = ear
-algia = pain

Question 21

Otorrhea

Answer 21

Discharge from the auditory canal; may be serous, bloody, or purulent

ot/o = ear
-rrhea = discharge, flow

Question 22

Tinnitus

Answer 22

Abnormal sound heard in one or both ears caused by trauma or disease; may be a ringing, buzzing, or jingling

Question 23

Vertigo

Answer 23

Dizziness; abnormal sensation of movement when there is none, either of one’s self moving, or of objects moving around oneself

May be caused by middle ear infections or the toxic effects of alcohol, sunstroke, and certain medications

Question 24

Cholesteatoma

Answer 24

Cystic mass composed of epithelial cells and cholesterol. Mass may occlude middle ear and destroy adjacent bones

chol/e = bile
steat/o = fat
-oma = mass

Question 25

Infectious Myringitis

Answer 25

Inflammation of the eardrum due to a bacterial or viral infection myring/o = eardrum -itis = inflammation

Question 26

Mastoiditis

Answer 26

Inflammation of the mastoid process of the temporal bone mastoid/o = mastoid process -itis = inflammation

Question 27

Otitis Media (OM)

Answer 27

Inflammation of the middle ear Suppurative OM is characterized by a pus-filled fluid Secretory OM is characterized by clear fluid discharge ot/o = ear -itis = inflammation media = middle

Question 28

Otosclerosis

Answer 28

Development of bone around the oval window with resulting ankylosis of the stapes to the oval window; usually results in progressive deafness ot/o = ear -sclerosis = condition of hardening

Question 29

Cochlear Implant

Answer 29

Implanted device that assists those with hearing loss by electrically stimulating the cochlea cochle/o = cochlea -ar = pertaining to

Question 30

Hearing Aid

Answer 30

Electronic device that amplifies sound

Question 31

Maastoidectomy

Answer 31

Removal of the mastoid process, usually to treat intractable mastoiditis mastoid/o = mastoid process -ectomy = removal

Question 32

Otoplasty

Answer 32

Surgical or plastic repair and/or reconstruction of the external ear ot/o = ear -plasty = surgical repair

Question 33

Stapedectomy

Answer 33

Removal of the third ossicle, the stapes, from the middle ear Done to correct otosclerosis staped/o = stapes -ectomy = removal

Question 34

Tympanoplasty

Answer 34

Surgical repair of the eardrum, with or without ossicular chain reconstruction Some patients may require a prosthesis (an artificial replacement) for one or more of the ossicles tympan/o = eardrum -plasty = surgical repair

Question 35

Tympanostomy

Answer 35

Surgical creation of an opening through the eardrum to promote drainage and/or allow the introduction of artificial tubes to maintain the opening Aka myringostomy tympan/o = eardrum -stomy = new opening

Question 36

Tympanotomy

Answer 36

Incision of an eardrum Aka myringotomy tympan/o = eardrum -tomy = incision