Chapter 13 : The Heart Structure and Functions Flashcards
Function of the heart
Pump blood throughout the body
Heart shape and location
Cone shaped, muscular pump located within the mediastinum of the thoracic cavity and resting on the diaphragm
Pericardium
3 layers of membranes that cover the heart and ends of large blood vessels
Fibrous Pericardium
Tough outer membrane made of connective tissue
Parietal Pericardium
Membrane that lines the inner wall of the paricardial cavity (inside fibrous pericardium)
Visceral Pericardium
Membrane that cover the surface of the heart
The protective coverings of the heart
Pericardium
Fibrous Pericardium
Parietal Pericardium
Visceral Pericardium
The parts of the wall of the heart
Epicardium
Myocardium
Endocardium
Epicardium
Outer most epithelial membrane that secretes serous fluid and reduces friction
Myocardium
Middle layer made of cardiac muscle
Endocardium
Inner most layer of elastic and collogenous fibers
FPV EME
Fibrous Pericardium
Parietal Pericardium
Visceral Pericardium
Epicardium
Myocardium
Endocardium
The chambers of the heart
4 hollow chambers
Atria
2 upper chambers of the heart
Ventricles
2 lower chambers of the heart
Intraventricular Septum
Separates left from right chambers (vertically down center of heart)
Apex
Point of the heart at the bottom of the ventricles (mainly left)
Base
Flat portion on the posterior of the heart where the hear sits on the diaphragm
Valves
Located between openings of the heart
Chordae Tendineae
Fibers that connect cusps with papillary muscles in the ventricle
Papillary Muscles
Pull on the chordae tendineae to keep the cusps in place during ventricle contraction
Atrioventricular Valves
(A-V valves) separate the atria from the ventricles to prevent “backflow” of blood
Tricuspid Valve
Separates right atrium and ventricle
Bicuspid Valve
Separates left atrium and ventricle
