Chapter 13 Vocab Flashcards Preview

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Flashcards in Chapter 13 Vocab Deck (13)
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1
Q

Hybridization

A

Breeding technique that involves crossing dissimilar individuals to bring together the best traits of both organisms

2
Q

Inbreeding

A

Continued breeding of individuals with similar characteristics

3
Q

Genetic engineering

A

Process of making changes in the DNA code of living organisms

4
Q

Restriction enzyme

A

Enzyme that cuts DNA at a specific sequence of nucleotides

5
Q

Gel electrophoresis

A

Procedure used to separate and analyze DNA fragments by placing a mixture of DNA fragments at one end of a porous gel and applying an electrical voltage to the gel

6
Q

Recombinant DNA

A

DNA produced by combining DNA from different sources

7
Q

Polymerase chain reaction (PCR)

A

Technique that allows molecular biologists to make many copies of a particular gene

8
Q

Plasmid

A

Circular DNA molecule found in bacteria

9
Q

Genetic marker

A

Gene that makes it possible to distinguish bacteria that carry a plasmid with foreign DNA From those that don’t

10
Q

Transgenic

A

Term used to refer to an organism that contains genes from other organisms

11
Q

Clone

A

Member of a population of genetically identical organisms produced from a single cell

12
Q

Selective breeding

A

Method of improving a species by allowing only those individual organisms with desired characteristics to produce the next generation.

13
Q

Polyploid

A

Comes from the Greek word “polus” meaning many and “ploos” meaning fold so it means many times