Chapter 14 Flashcards
(19 cards)
The general senses
have receptors throughout the skin and muscles. You will learn about the importance of pain as a general sense.
The special senses
are stimulated by the cranial nerves and include sight, hearing, taste, and smell.
Acute pain fibers
Pain fibers that carry nerve impulses quickly, at velocities of up to 30 meters per second, and result in short, sharp pain.
Chronic pain fibers
Pain fibers that carry nerve impulses quickly, at velocities of up to 30 meters per second, and result in short, sharp pain.
Retina
A neural component of the eye that contains the visual receptors.
Refraction
—the bending of light rays.
Rods
The receptors in the eye that receive light stimuli.
Cones
The receptors in the eye that receive color stimuli.
Sound
is created by vibrations of air, water, or solid materials.
Eardrum
The membrane in the ear that vibrates in response to sound waves.
The vestibulocochlear nerve
transfers the sound vibrations to the brain.
The olfactory neurons
have a very low threshold and adapt rapidly.
Filiform papillae.
do not have taste buds
Five basic types of taste exist
salt, sour, sweet, bitter, and umami.
The fibrous tunic
is the outer layer of the eyeball. It consists of the sclera and the cornea.
The vascular tunic
is the middle layer of the eyeball.
the nervous tunic
The retina, contains neurons sensitive to light.
Visual Acuity
Visual acuity is the eye’s ability to focus an image on the retina so that a clear image is perceived.
fovea centralis
Most visual images are focused here, , which has a very high concentration of cones.
