Flashcards in Chapter 14. Lymphatic and Immune Systems - Medical Terms Deck (76)
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1
acquired immunity
formation of antibodies and lymphocytes after exposure to an antigen
2
acquired immunodeficiency syndrome
depression or suppression of the immune system after exposure to the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV); marked by opportunistic infections, secondary neoplasms, and neurologic problems
3
adenoids
masses of lymphatic tissue in the nasopharynx
4
allergen
substance capable of causing a specific hypersensitivity in a body; an antigen
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allergy
abnormal hypersensitivity acquired by exposure to an antigen (allergen)
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anaphylaxis
exaggerated or unusual hypersensitivity to foreign protein or other substance
7
antibody
protein produced in the bloodstream by lymphocytes in response to a specific antigen, such as a bacterium or toxin; antibodies destroy or weaken antigens
8
antigen
substance (usually foreign) that stimulates the production of an antibody
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asplenia
no spleen
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atopy
intense allergic reaction (such as asthma) influenced by hereditary tendency or predisposition
11
autoimmune disease
chronic disabling disease caused by the abnormal production of antibodies to normal body tissues; multiple sclerosis, lupus erythematosus are examples
12
axillary nodes
lymph nodes under the arm
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B cell
a lymphocyte that originates in bone marrow and transforms into a plasma cell to secrete antibodies
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CD4 cell
Helper T cell that carries the CD4 protein antigen on its surface
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cervical nodes
lymph nodes in the neck
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complement system
proteins in the blood that help antibodies and T cells kill their target
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cytokines
proteins that aid cells to destroy antigens; examples are interleukins and interferons
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cytotoxic T cell
T cell lymphocyte that directly kills foreign cells; T8 cell
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dendritic cell
a type of macrophage that captures antigens and presents them to T cells for destruction
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ELISA
test to detect anti-HIV antibodies in blood; this is a screening test for AIDS
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helper T cell
lymphocyte that aids a B cell lymphocyte in recognizing antigens and stimulating antibody production
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Hodgkin disease
malignant tumor of lymphatic tissue in the spleen and lymph nodes
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human immunodeficiency virus
virus (retrovirus) that causes AIDS
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hypersensitivity
abnormal condition characterized by an exaggerated response of the immune system to an antigen
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hypersplenism
syndrome of spleen enlargement (splenomegaly) and destruction of red blood cells (hemolysis)
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immunity
body's ability to resist foreign organisms and toxins; this includes natural immunity and acquired immunity
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immunoelectrophoresis
laboratory test that separates immunoglobulins (IgG, IgM, IgD, IgE, and IgA)
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immunoglobulins
antibodies (proteins) secreted by B-cell lymphocytes (plasma cells)
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immunosuppression
blocking or turning off the normal immune response
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