Chapter 14 - Nervous Flashcards Preview

Anatomy πŸ€ΈπŸΌβ€β™€οΈπŸ‘©πŸΌβ€βš•οΈπŸ’ͺπŸ»πŸ–πŸ» > Chapter 14 - Nervous > Flashcards

Flashcards in Chapter 14 - Nervous Deck (34)
Loading flashcards...
1
Q

The Central Nervous System is made up of the Brain and:

A

Spinal cord

2
Q

The Peripheral Nervous System is made up of the Cranial and Spinal nerves, as well as the:

A

Ganglia

3
Q

Clusters of neuron cell bodies located outside the CNS:

A

Ganglia

4
Q

. This Nervous division receives sensory information from receptors and transmits it to the CNS:

A

Sensory afferent

5
Q

This Nervous division transmits motor impulses from the CNS to muscles or glands:

A

Motor efferent

6
Q

This Sensory division receives information about touch, pain, pressure, vibration, temperature, proprioception, and special senses:

A

Somatic sensory

7
Q

This Sensory division transmits nerve impulses from blood vessels and viscera (temperature, and stretch) to the CNS:

A

Visceral sensory

8
Q

This Motor division transmits nerve impulses from the CNS to skeletal muscles:

A

Somatic motor

9
Q

This Motor division transmits nerve impulses from internal organs, smooth and cardiac muscle, and glands:

A

Autonomic motor

10
Q

Type of nerve cell that initiates and transmits nerve impulses:

A

Neuron

11
Q

Type of nerve cell that support and protects neurons:

A

Glial

12
Q

The neuron cell body is responsible for receiving, integrating, and _____ nerve impulses

A

sending

13
Q

The neuron dendrites are responsible for conducting nerve impulses ______ the cell body.

A

towards

14
Q

The neuron axon is responsible for transmitting nerve impulses _______ from the cell body.

A

Away

15
Q

The neuron structure can be unipolar, bipolar, or _____

A

Multipolar

16
Q

Facilitate communication between sensory and motor neurons:

A

Interneurons

17
Q

Physically protect, nourish and provide support for neurons:

A

Glial cells

18
Q

Glial cells that help form the blood-brain barrier, regulate tissue fluid composition, provide support, replace damaged neurons, and assist neuron development:

A

Astrocytes

19
Q

Glial cells that help form the cerebral spinal fluid:

A

ependymal

20
Q

Glial cells that remove debris and respond to infections:

A

microglia

21
Q

Glial cells that form myelin sheaths (speed up transmission) in the CNS:

A

Oligodendrocytes

22
Q

Glial cells that regulate exchange between soma and surrounding fluid:

A

Satellite

23
Q

Glial cells that form myelin sheaths in the PNS:

A

Schwann (neurolemmocytes)

24
Q

Myelin sheaths support, protect, and ______ the axon

A

insulate

25
Q

Process of nerve impulses jumping from neurofibril node to neurofibril node:

A

Salatory conduction

26
Q

Process in which nerve impulses travel the entire length of an unmyelinated axon:

A

Continuous conduction

27
Q

Damaged axons can regenerate upon these three factors:

A

Amount of damage, neurolemmocyte secretion of nerve growth factors, distance between site of damaged axon and effector organ

28
Q

Give the three connective tissue wrappings, in order of inside to outside:

A

Endoneurium, perineurium, epineurium

29
Q

Axons will terminate at either a neuron, muscle cell, or:

A

Gland cells

30
Q

Process in which an axon transmits a nerve impulse at a specialize junction with another neuron:

A

Synapse

31
Q

The Presynaptic neuron transmits nerve impulses toward a synapse, while a ______ conducts them away from the synapse.

A

Postsynaptic

32
Q

Electrical synapses use gap junctions, while chemical synapses use:

A

Neurotransmitters

33
Q

During a chemical synapse, the presynaptic membrane releases a ______ while the postsynaptic membrane receives the neurotransmitter by way of receptors.

A

Neurotransmitter

34
Q

The two factors that influence the rate of impulse conduction:

A

Axons diameter, presence/absence of myelin sheath