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NURS 305 > Chapter 15: Critical Thinking in Nursing Practice > Flashcards

Chapter 15: Critical Thinking in Nursing Practice Flashcards

1
Q

Critical thinking

A

the ability to think in a systematic and logical manner with openness to question and reflect on the reasoning process.

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2
Q

Clinical judgement

A

involves the interpretation of a patient’s needs, concerns, or health problems and whether to act, not act, modify, or improvise approaches on the basis of a patient’s response.

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3
Q

Critical thinking/Clinical Judgement involves

A
  • open-mindedness
  • creativity
  • confidence
  • continual inquiry
  • perseverance
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4
Q

Critical thinking/clinical judgement is acquired through

A

experience, commitment, active curiosity toward learning

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5
Q

Steps to Critical Thinking

A
  1. recognize that an issue (patient problem) exists
  2. analyze the information (clinical data about the patient)
  3. evaluate the info. (reviewing assumptions & evidence)
  4. Make conclusions
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6
Q

When making conclusions, consider

A
  1. alternatives
  2. ethical principles
  3. informed decisions
  4. patient preferences
  5. evidence based knowledge from research & clinical experience
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7
Q

What separates RN’s from technicians?

A

clinical decision making

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8
Q

What do professional nurses do that technical personnel don’t do?

A
  • assesses for changes in a patient’s condition
  • recognized potential problems
  • identifies new problems as they arise
  • takes immediate action when a clinical condition worsens
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9
Q

Technical Personnel

A

follow directions in completing aspects of care.

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10
Q

Reflection

A

purposeful thinking back or recalling a situation to discover its purpose or meaning.

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11
Q

What kinds of questions do you ask yourself during reflection?

A

What did I notice before? How did I act? What could I have done differently? What went really well? What should I do next time in the same situation?

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12
Q

Interpretation

A

collect and clarify data (nursing diagnosis)

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13
Q

What should you take into consideration when doing analysis?

A

be open-minded as you look at data.

Do not make assumptions-is data true or are there options?

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14
Q

Inference

A
  • look at meaning and significance

- does the data confirm a problem exists?

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15
Q

Evaluation

A

look objectively. Use criteria such as expected outcomes.

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16
Q

Explanation

A
  • support your findings and conclusions.

- use knowledge & experience to choose strategies to use in the care of patients

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17
Q

Self-regulation

A
  • reflect on our experiences.

- identify ways to improve performance.

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18
Q

Nursing Practice Applications:

A
  1. interpretation
  2. analysis
  3. inference
  4. evaluation
  5. explanation
  6. self-regulation
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19
Q

Critical Thinking Behavior includes

A
  1. truth-seeking
  2. open-mindedness
  3. analytical
  4. systematic
  5. self-confidence
  6. inquisitiveness
  7. maturity
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20
Q

truth-seeking

A
  • seek the true meaning of a situation.

- be honest and objective when asking questions

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21
Q

open-mindedness

A
  • be tolerant of different views.
  • be sensitive to your own prejudices.
  • respect the rights of others with differing opinions.
22
Q

analytical

A
  • analyze problematic situations.
  • anticipate results or consequences
  • use evidenced based knowledge.
23
Q

systematic

A

be organized, focused

24
Q

self-confidence

A

trust your own reasoning process

25
Q

inquisitiveness

A

be eager to acquire knowledge

26
Q

maturity

A

reflect on your own judgements; cognitive maturity

27
Q

What are the levels of critical thinking?

A
  1. Basic Critical Thinking
  2. Complex Critical Thinking
  3. Commitment
28
Q

What happens during Basic Critical Thinking?

A
  • the learner trusts that the experts have the right answers for every problem.
  • thinking is concrete
29
Q

What does it mean when they say “thinking is concrete”?

A

ex. ) referring to hospital policy and procedure for guidelines in inserting a foley catheter
- may not be able to modify for patients with unique needs.

30
Q

What happens during Complex Critical Thinking?

A
  • begin to separate yourself from experts.
  • begin to analyze and examine choices more independently
  • thinking ability and initiative to look beyond expert opinion begins to change
  • learns alternative and perhaps conflicting solutions exist
  • each solution has benefits and risks.
31
Q

What happens during the Commitment level of Critical Thinking?

A
  • a person anticipates when to make choices w/out assistance from others and accepts accountability for decisions made
  • choosing an action or belief based on the available alternatives and support it.
32
Q

Sometimes an action is

A

to NOT act or to delay an action

33
Q

Scientific Method

A
  • uses reasoning
  • systemic and orderly approach to gathering data and solving problems
  • verifies that a set of facts agrees with reality
34
Q

Five Steps of the Scientific Method

A
  1. identifying the problem
  2. collecting data
  3. formulating a question or hypothesis
  4. testing the question or hypotheses
  5. evaluating the results of the test or study
35
Q

Problem solving

A

when a problem arises, you obtain info. and use it plus what your already know to find a solution (everyday problems)

36
Q

Decision making

A
  • focuses on problem resolution.

- following a set of criteria helps make a thorough and thoughtful decision.

37
Q

Diagnostic Reasoning and Inference

A
  • Drawing conclusions from related pieces of evidence & previous experience with the evidence (Inference).
  • Analytical process for determining a patient’s health problems.
  • Begins with patient interaction or while making physical or behavioral observations.
  • Accurate recognition of a patient’s problems is necessary before deciding on solutions and implementing actions.
38
Q

Clinical Decision Making

A

Requires careful reasoning in choosing the best options for the best patient outcomes on the basis of the patient’s condition and priority of problems.

39
Q

the nursing process allows nurses to

A

help patients meet agreed-on outcomes for better health

40
Q

The purpose of the nursing process is to diagnose and treat human responses to actual or potential health problems including:

A
  • patient symptoms
  • physiological and psychological reactions to treatment
  • need for knowledge
  • patient’s ability to cope with loss
41
Q

Eleven Critical Thinking Attitudes

A
  1. confidence
  2. thinking independently
  3. fairness
  4. responsibility and accountability
  5. risk taking
  6. discipline
  7. perseverance
  8. creativity
  9. curiosity
  10. integrity
  11. humility
42
Q

Standards for Critical Thinking

A

intellectual standards and professional standards

43
Q

intellectual standards

A
  • knowledge base in nursing and related sciences

- critical thinking (precise, specific, accurate, relevant, consistent and logical)

44
Q

professional standards

A

ethical criteria for nursing judgements

45
Q

professional standards focus on

A
  • patient values and beliefs

- using EBP for clinical decisions. (clinical decision guidelines, standards of treatment, assessment criteria)

46
Q

What are ways to help develop critical thinking skills?

A
  • reflective journaling
  • meeting with colleagues
  • concept mapping
47
Q

reflective journaling (reflection)

A
  • the process of purposefully thinking back or recalling a situation to discover its purpose or meaning.
  • thinking, analyzing, learning from your work.
48
Q

Meeting with colleagues

A
  • discuss and examine work experiences

- questions, differing viewpoints, shared experiences

49
Q

concept mapping

A

visual representation of a patients problems, interventions and their relationship to each other.

50
Q

What are things that makes nursing stressful?

A
  • enduring 12 hour shifts
  • enduring patient suffering: disease, painful treatments
  • fast-paced work settings
51
Q

Read key points and review questions

A

pgs 206-08

NURS 305 (30 decks)

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