Chapter 17 & 18

Question 1

Levels of prevention

Answer 1

1) Primary (young people before they have drug experience aka what DARE was)
2) Secondary (older people with some drug experience - college programs-)
3) Tertiary (They are being treated after drug abuse -AA-)

Question 2

What are some treatment programs

Answer 2

• AA
• Medical treatments
• Behavioral treatment

Question 3

when did alcoholics anonymous start

Answer 3

1935

Question 4

what was AA’s goal

Answer 4

total abstinence and not controlled drinking

Question 5

Medical treatments include:

Answer 5

• detoxification with medical help
• treatment for food and vitamin deficiencies
• after care(after they are released how to they maintain)

Question 6

What are some examples of aftercare treatment for struggling drug people

Answer 6

disulfiram

Question 7

how does disulfiram impact the methods of acts of ethanol

Answer 7

when acetaldehyde goes up, the aldehyde enzyme is blocked by disulfiram.

Question 8

What are examples of behavioral treatment

Answer 8

• Aversion therapies (shocks related to alcohol)
• Teaching coping skills (recognizing risk situations and getting out of them).

Question 9

Controlled drinking controversy

Answer 9

cant they just learn to drink normal amounts

Question 10

Arguments against abstinence

Answer 10

1) Some drinkers don’t like AA rule
2) most people drink so abstinence is abnormal
3) is a drinker cant quit with AA why not try to just control drinking

Question 11

what is a medical treatment for narcotic addiction

Answer 11

naloxone

Question 12

how does naloxone work

Answer 12

it is a total antagonist so it causes rapid withdrawal, but it is short acting so you need to use it 2-3 treatments a day.

Question 13

what is naltrexoneis

Answer 13

longer acting than naloxone (3 treatments per weel)

Question 14

therapeutic communities

Answer 14

person took a bunch of druggies to a community and got them clean; they didn’t leave because they liked it there and didn’t want to relapse in their old environment.

Question 15

Therapeutic community duration of residence and outcome

Answer 15

The longer you are in the better you do.

Question 16

Naloxone treatment, how does it work?

Answer 16

a good antagonist so it causes rapid withdrawal from narcotics.

Question 17

how have we tries to treat narcotic addiction?

Answer 17

1) Naloxone treatment
2) Heroin Maintenance
3)methadone maintenance
4) outpatient programs
5) Narcotics farmers

Question 18

what is wrong with heroin maintenance

Answer 18

creates illegal market

Question 19

Methadone maintenance

Answer 19

maintaining their narcotic addiction with a slower acting, longer acting methadone drug.

Question 20

outpatient programs

Answer 20

“crisis centers” where they would admit people while the drug wears off.

Question 21

Narcotics farmers

Answer 21

prisons disguised as treatment centers

Question 22

Court ordered treatment versus voluntary treatment

Answer 22

court ordered treatment is better short term, but it’s about the same long term.

Question 23

cocaine treatment is

Answer 23

1) cocaine anonymous
2) residential programs

Question 24

what was Synanon

Answer 24

It was a residential program where they took addicts and took them to the desert too get sober and they ended up starting a business and getting rich

Question 25

online versus face-to-face therapy

Answer 25

there is evidence that online treatment works.

Question 26

Is there a difference in outcomes between different "anonymous" groups?

Answer 26

No, the outcomes are basically the same.

Question 27

three broad conclusions of the course:

Answer 27

1) drug taking is a behavior 2) drug use is a part of our society 3) the drug problem isn't a war, there will always be a "drug problem"

Question 28

each use on a drug is different and can cause different effect based on:

Answer 28

- dose - the users attitude toward the drug - social setting - feelings about its illicitness - physiological effects

Question 29

problems with the news stories on drugs

Answer 29

The "estimated street value" is often much lower than they estimate and the money is spread across multiple people. we only catch like 10% of imported illegal drugs.

Question 30

three ways of defining "dangerous"

Answer 30

1) toxicity (Lethal dose is higher for some drugs than others) 2) how people use the drugs (ex aspirin is reasonably safe unless you are two years old and get a whole bottle, or injecting drug because of shared needles, and alcohol and marijuana are safe unless you are behind a wheel).

Question 31

legal and illegal is not the same as safe and dangerous.

Question 32

What is the action of Antabuse (disulfiram) ?

Answer 32

In alcohol distribution Antabuse blocks aldehyde dehydrogenase.

Question 33

in drug studies what is better, longitudinal or cross sectional?

Answer 33

longitudinal studies