Chapter 18 Flashcards
10 functions of the Endocrine
System
- Regulation of Metabolism
- Control of food intake and digestion
- Modulation of tissue development
- Ion regulation
- Control of water balance
- Changes in heart rate
- Control of blood glucose and other nutrients
- Control of reproductive functions
- Uterine contractions and milk release
- Modulation of immune system function
Where is the Pituitary gland located
Sella turica
known as hypophysis
Hypothalamus regulates secretions of
anterior pituitary
How many hormones does the anterior pituitary produce?
9
they regulate body functions and
regulate secretions of other endocrine glands
Posterior Pituitary gland hormones (2)
Made in hypothalamus
stored in Posterior PG
1. Antidiuretic hormone (ADH)
2. Oxytocin
Controls of hormone release (secretion)
- Humoral (blood) stimuli
- Neural Stimuli
- Hormonal stimuli
Negative feedback of hormones levels in blood
when levels have been reached it tells the body to stop producing hormone
inhibits change to bring body closer to normal state
Positive feedback of hormones levels in blood
tells glands to produce hormones.
promotes change to bring body closer to normal state
Half-life
amount of time it takes for 50% of the circulating hormone to be removed from circulation and excreted
follicles
little sacs containing important tissue
___ soluble can pass through membrane
Lipid
___ soluble cannot pass through membrane without help
Water
What are paracrine chemical messengers
Chemicals that are released from one cell, travel a short distance and influence the activity of another cell type
types of hormones secreted by the adrenal cortex
- glucocorticoids
- mineral corticoids
- adrenal androgens
the stimulation of the hormone secretion by the hormone itself is an example of
positive feedback
Hormones secreted by the hypothalamus travel through the hypothalamohypophysial portal system from the ______ to the _______.
Hypothalamus, anterior pituitary gland
The function of insulin is to
increase the uptake of glucose by its target tissues
What is FSH hormone
Follicle-stimulation hormone
stimulates ovaries to develop and mature eggs
What is LH hormone
Luteinizing hormone
Stimulates ovulation (release) of egg
Lipid-soluble hormone solubility
low-blood solubility
Water-soluble hormone solubility
highly soluable in blood
Transport of lipid-soluble hormones
Most transported as bound hormones
Transport of water-soluble hormones
Usually travel as free hormones
Being able to respond to a constantly changing world is one of life’s greatest challenges. The task of coordinating responses to sensory information is not the sole realm of the _________ or endocrine system.
nervous
