Chapter 19

Question 1

What are the 4 forms of viral genomes?

Answer 1

Double and single strand RNA and DNA

Question 2

Protein shell that encloses a viral genome

Answer 2

Capsid

Question 3

Protein subunits that make up capsids

Answer 3

Capsomere

Question 4

Helps the virus infect the host

Answer 4

Envelope

Question 5

What property of a virus determines its attachment to a host cell membrane?

Answer 5

Lock and key fit between surface proteins of viruses and receptor molecules outside the cell

Question 6

Viruses only replicate in the host cell

Answer 6

Obligate intracellular parasites

Question 7

Viruses can only infect a limited number of host species

Answer 7

Host range

Question 8

What components of the host cell does a virus need?

Answer 8

Nucleotides, enzymes, ribosomes, cRNA, amino acids, ATP

Question 9

Virus that infects bacteria

Answer 9

Bactirophage

Question 10

Phage that replicates only by a lytic cycle and destroys the host

Answer 10

Virulent phage

Question 11

Phage that replicates only by lysogenic cycle and doesn’t destroy the host

Answer 11

Temperate phage

Question 12

Recognizes and cuts DNA molecules at specific nucleotide sequences

Answer 12

Restriction Enzymes

Question 13

Phage genome that has been inserted into a specific site on a bacterial chromosome

Answer 13

Prophage

Question 14

The release of new phages by the lysis of the host cell

Answer 14

Lytic cycle

Question 15

Becomes incorporated into the bacterial chromosome as a prophage and doesn’t kill the host

Answer 15

Lysogenic cycle

Question 16

RNA that replicates by transcribing its RNA into DNA and inserting the DNA into a cellular chromosome

Answer 16

Retrovirus

Question 17

Viral genome that is permanently inserted into a host genome

Answer 17

Provirus

Question 18

Small circular DNA found in bacteria and yeasts

Answer 18

Plasmids

Question 19

DNA segments that can move from 1 location to another within a cell’s genome

Answer 19

Transposons