Chapter 19 Flashcards by Kale Blakely

Death is a ____ as well as a _____

Process

State

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The experience of death is shaped by the _________________ the end of life

Circumstances surrounding

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Clinical death

Period during vial signals are absent but resuscitation is still possible

This is the near death experience

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Brain dead

Absences of vital signals, resuscitation is no longer possible

Considered legally dead

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Brain death most often occurs after a period of ____ to ____ minutes of clinical death

8-10

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Social death

The point at which family members and medical personal treat the person as a corpse

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In Canada, ____% of deaths occur in hospitals

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Hospice care

Emphasizes individual and family control of the process of dying

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Death with dignity is more likely if the dying person remains at _______ or in a _________. Which leaves them in contact with friends and family

Home

Home like setting

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The hospice care philosophy

Death should be seen as normal, not to be avoided but to be accepted

The patient and family should be encouraged to prepare for death

Family should be involved in patients care

Medical care should be palliative rather than curative

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Palliative care

Form of care that focusses on relieving pain rather than cure their diseases

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Hospice palliative care helps dying patients and their families to:

Address physical, psychological, social, and spiritual issues as well as their associated expectations

Prepare for and manage life closure and dying process

Cope with loss and grief during illness and bereavement

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As an adult, you understand that death is ________, ________, ___________

Irreversible
Comes to everyone
Cessation of all function

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_________________ do not understand that death is irreversible, comes to everyone, and means a cessation of all function

Preschool age children

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Young children believe death can be ______, through ______________

Reversed

Prayer, magic, or wishful thinking

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Teaching young children the ______________ __________ helps them understand what causes death and whys its ______

Nature of biological life

Irreversible

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By the age of ___, most children seem to understand the ________ and ________ of death

Permanence
Universality

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_______ understand the ______ of death better than children do

Adolescents

Finality

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______________ about personal death appear to contribute to adolescent suicide (death is a pleasurable experience)

Unrealistic beliefs

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______ and _______ ideas about death are affected by personal experiences

Children

Adolescents

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Unique invulnerability

The belief that bad things; including death, happen only to others

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A sudden loss of a loved one is more traumatic for a _________ individual than an ____________

Younger

Older adult

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Personal experiences changes perception of death. Such as, experience with death _______________. Loss of a loved one frequently leads to _______________

May make it less fearful

Leads to suicidal thoughts

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The death of relatively _______________ challenge young people’s beliefs in ______________

Young public figures

Unique invulnerability

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A death changes the _______ and ________ of everyone else in the family, as well as people beyond the family

Roles | Relationships

In middle age, many individuals switch the way they think about time from ____________ to ____________

Time since birth Time until death

The most pervasive meaning of death for adults of all age is ______

Loss

Young adults are more concerned about loss of opportunity to __________ and about the loss of ___________

Experience things Family relationships

The fears of death:

1) the finality of death 2) the uncertainty that follows 3) fear of non existiance 4) the ultimate loss 5) fear of pain or loneliness while dying 6) fear of failing to complete life work

For ____________, the sense of __________ prevents intense fears of death

Young adults Unique invulnerability

__________ are more fearful of death

Middle aged adults

In middle age, a belief in ones own ________ begins to break down, resulting in increasing anxiety about the end of life

Immortality

By late life, the ____________ has been accepted, and anxieties are focused on how ___________________

Inevitability of death Death will likely come about

Older adults are more likely to fear the period of _______________ then they are to dear death itself

Uncertainty before death

Both those who are _________ and those who are _______ report less fear of death

Deeply religious | Irreligious

The most fearful may be those who are uncertain or uncommitted to any ______ or _________ traditions

Religious Philosophical

Religious beliefs may moderate fears of death: - death is seen as a ________________________________ - the belief that ________________

Transition from one form of life to another God exists increases with age

Adults who have ___________ or believe they have ______________ has set out to be less fearful of death

Accomplished goals Become the person they set out to be

The belief that __________ reduces the fear of death

Life has no purpose

Fear of death may be an aspect of despair described in Ericksons ________________ stage

Ego integrity vs despair stage

Health care power of attorney

Specified who can make decisions for an individual in the event they can’t

Teminal decline

An individuals decline in mental functioning accelerates a few years immediately preceding death

Most adults agree that it is important to make _______________

Preparations for death

Practical preparation may include:

Getting life insurance, making a will

Adults may prepare for death through some process of _________

Reminiscence

Those who are near to death become increasingly more ________, ______, _______ and non introspective

Conventional Docile Dependant

A sudden drop in ___________________ seems to signal death is near

Crystallized intellectual ability

Kubler-Ross stages of dying

``` Denial Anger Bargaining Depression Acceptance ```

Thanatology

The scientific study of death or dying

While Kubler-Ross’s stages are universal, criticisms found that not all dying patients _______________

Experience these 5 emotions

Corr 4 tasks of a dying person

1) satisfying bodily needs and minimizing stress 2) maximizing psychological security, and richness of life 3) sustaining significant interpersonal attachments 4) identifying sources of spiritual energy

Greers attitudes for breast cancer

``` Denial Fighting spirit Stoic acceptance Helplessness Anxious preoccupation ```

Those whose initial reactions to cancer where ___________ we less likely to die of cancer

Fighting spirits

There is no conclusive evidence that the mind can cure cancer or other diseases. All the same, research shows that mental states and attitudes are associated with healing

This is cool

Grieving

Emotional response to death

Funeral of various types are nearly _____ in all culture. Although across cultures they are ___________

Universal Very different

The death ritual is only the ____ step in the process of _____, which takes several months to years to college

First Grieving

Funerals help family members mange their grief by giving them a specific ___________________

Set of role to play

Funerals bring the _______ together. The may help survivors understand the ____________.

Family Meaning of death

Children display an arrange of behaviours following a death. Such as:

Sad facial expressions Crying Loss of appetite

Most children resolve their feeing of grief within the first _______ after the loss

Year

Knowing a loved one is ill and is in danger of death, helps __________________

Children cope with the loss

_____ May be more likely to experience prolonged grief than children or adults

Teens

_______ who cares for spouses during the illness are ______ likely to become depressed after a death

Widows Less

A death, such as ____________, May provide closure and act as the death didn’t happen without purpose

Soldier in war or a police officer

Sudden and violent deaths evoke a more ____________

Intense grief response

If someone commits Suicide, survivors may experience feelings of ________________. They may feel that they could have done something to prevent suicide. They are _____ likely to discuss the loss.

Rejection and anger Less

Pathological grief

Persistent symptoms of depression brought on by the death of a loved one

Immune system functions are _______ somewhat immediately after the death of a spouse. Most return to normal by a _____ after the death

Suppressed | Year

In the years following bereavement, the incidence of _______ among _______ rises substantially. While rates of death and disease rise ________

Depression Windows / widowers Slightly

Death of a spouse is more negative for _____ than ______

Men Women

Risk of death from natural causes or suicide is higher in ____ immediately after death of spouse

Men

Grief symptoms for more than _________ following the loss of a loved one may indicate _______

2 months Pathological grief

Grief lasting longer than ______ can lead to long term ______

6 months Depression

Widespread that ______ should cause digress and disruption is wrong. Almost everyone experiences ________ but few people need psychological treatment

Grief Bereavement

Recognize that a ____________ is healthy and normal

Resilient grief trajectory

The ______ apporach and support groups can be helpful for people who experience _______, but it’s can be harmful for ______ peolle

Talk it out Pathological grief Resilient

Chapter 19 Flashcards

(77 cards)