Chapter 2 Flashcards
What is absorption
what happens to a drug from the time it enters the body to the time it enters the circulating fluid: bypassing the many complcations of other routes of absorption
What is active transpaort
the movement of substances across a cell membrane against the concentration gradient, requiring the use of energy
chemotherapeutic agents
Synthetic chemicals used to interfere with the functioning of foreign cell populations, causing cell death. this term is frequently used to refer to treatment of neoplasms, but is also used to treat any foreign body cells.
What is critical concentration
The concentration a drug must reach in the tissues that repond to the particular drug to cause the desired therapeutic effect
what does distribution refer to
movement of a drug to body tissues.
What factors affect the areas of drug distribution in the body
the places where a drug may be distributed depend on the drugs solubility, perfusion of the are and cardiac output and bindin gof the drug to plasma proteins
Enzyme induction
Enzyme by which the presence of a chemical that is biotransformed by a particular enzyme system in the liver causes in creased activity of that enzyme system
What is an action of a drug?
a) To increase enzymatic reactions in the body
b) To alter a missing chemical
c) To depress or slow cellular activities
d) To in crease the efect of foreigbn substances
c) To depress or slow cellular activities
Two patients are receiving injections of penicillin G. One patient is male 35 years old weigyhing 165lbs.
The other patients is female, weighing 125lbs. You know that you will see the effects of the drug first in the male patient. What is the rationale for this?
a) Women have fewer fat cells than men
b) Men have more vascular muscles than women
c) Women have a smaller circulatory system than men
d) drugs are generally tested on healthy males
b) Men have more vascular muscles than women
Drug excretion, which is the removal of a drug from the body occurs primarily via the
Kidneys and the liver
The Blood-Brain Barrier keeps foreign substances away from the CNS
TRUE/FALSE
TRUE
Pharmacodynamics is the term used to describe how a drug affects the body
TRUE/FALSE
TRUE
The ability of a drug to move into the body’s tissue is referred to as absorption
TRUE/FALSE
FALSE
The ——–effect refers to the process that occurs when an oral medication is processed through the liver before entering general circulation
First-Pass
The amount of time that a drug level takes to decrease to one half of it’s peak level is called the ——
Half Life
