Chapter 2

Question 1

the boundaries between continents are ______ than you might think

Answer 1

fuzzier

Question 2

continents in order from greatest to least in terms of area

Answer 2

Asia
africa
north america
south america
antartica
europe
australia

Question 3

continents in order from greatest to least in terms of population

Answer 3

asia
africa
europe
north america
south america
australia
antartica

Question 4

core-periphery

Answer 4

places of dominance whose inhabitants exerted their power over their surroundings

typically viewed as exploitative

formerly based on colonization/emphasis on political dominance, now on labor economics

Question 5

example of core-periphery

Answer 5

greek city-states (athens)

Question 6

what term was used to describe the area of a city’s influence

Answer 6

hinterland

ex) binghamton can be considered as part of the hinterland of NYC

Question 7

most common three worlds theory

Answer 7

first world - US and Allies
second world - USSR and allies
third world - non-aligned countries/developing countries

Question 8

superpower

Answer 8

state with a dominant position in international relations

main two being US and USSR

Question 9

hegemon

Answer 9

greek term: person w/ supreme power, usually referred to as the head of a superpower

Question 10

lingua franca

Answer 10

“bridge language” between parts of the periphery that do not share a language

english is the global lingua franca today

Question 11

six dominant languages/official UN languages

Answer 11

arabic
chinese/mandarin
english
french
russian
spanish

Question 12

Alfred Thayer Mahan

Answer 12

american admiral; argued that the biggest division is between countries with access to the sea and those without

AKA the world ocean is the core

Question 13

landlocked countries tend to …

Answer 13

do much worse economically

access to ocean = access to anyone

Question 14

territory is

Answer 14

a fundamental biological imperative

Question 15

spacial contiguity

Answer 15

territory is usually connected

Question 16

OECD countries

Answer 16

organization for economic cooperation and development

35 member countries

originally oriented toward countries participating in the Marshall plan

Question 17

BRICS

Answer 17

Brazil
Russia
India
China
South Africa

Question 18

6 countries invited in 2023 to BRICS

Answer 18

Saudi Arabia, UAE, Egypt, Iran, Ethiopia, Argentina

many heavily involved in oil production

Question 19

alignment error

Answer 19

tend to imagine the world as if lined up better east-west and north-south than it actually does

Question 20

nesting errors

Answer 20

assumptions based on mental images

when asked what is further west: Reno, NV or LA, CA

Reno is, although CA is further than NV

Question 21

anchorpoint theory

Answer 21

if you know where on place is, you can use that to locate another place