Chapter 2 Flashcards
Anatomy
Study of the structures of the body
Anatomic reference systems
Used to describe the locations of the structural unit of the body
Physiology
Study of the functions of the structures of the body
PHYSI
Nature or physical
Anatomic position
Describes the body standing in standard position
Standing up straight so the body is erect and facing forward. Holding the arms at the side with the hands turn to so the palms facing toward front
Body planes
Imaginary vertical and horizontal lines dividing the body
Vertical plane
Up and down plane
Midsagittal plane
A.k.a. midline divided into equal left and right halves
Frontal plane
Vertical plane divides the body into front and back
Anterior
Front
Posterior
Back
Horizontal plane
Flat crosswise like the horizon
Transverse plane
Horizontal plane that divides the body into upper and lower portions
Superior
Upper
Inferior
Lower
Ventral
Front of the organ or body
VENTR
Belly side of the body
Dorsal
Back of the body or Organ
DORS
Back of the body
Cephalic
Toward the head
Caudal
Toward the feet
Anterior
Situated in the front also means on the front or forward part of Organ
Posterior
Situated in back also means back part of an organ
Proximal
Situated nearest the midline or beginning of structure
Distal
Situated farthest from the midline or beginning of structure
Medial
Direction toward or near the midline
Lateral
Direction toward or near the side of the body away from the midline
Two major body cavities
Dorsal and ventral
Dorsal cavity
Located along the back of the body and head contains the nervous system that coordinates body functions divided into two parts
Cranial cavity
Located within the skull surrounds and protects the brain