Chapter 2 - Heart and Lungs

Question 1

Endothelial Cells

Answer 1

epithelial cells that make up the lumen of all blood vessels in the cardiovascular system

Question 2

Atherosclerosis

Answer 2

damage to endothelial cells by pulsating arterial pressure or abrasive substances in the blood

Question 3

Arteriosclerosis

Answer 3

hardening of arteries from layer upon layer of cholesterol deposits

Question 4

Sinoatrial Node (SA Node)

Answer 4

point of origin for electrical impulses that propagate through the rest of the heart

Question 5

Atrioventricular Node (AV Node)

Answer 5

sends impulses to a collection of fibers

Question 6

Bundle of His

Answer 6

branches of the bundle of His surround the ventricles, and when this bundle receives an impulse it causes the ventricles to contract and eject blood to the pulmonary and systemic systems

Question 7

Cardiac Output

Answer 7

= (Stroke Volume)(Heart Rate)

Question 8

Poiseuille’s Law

Answer 8

relationship between the radius and length of a tube; if the radius of the vessel is reduced by a factor of 2, blood flow rate would be reduced by a factor of 16, longer the vessel, slower the flow, high viscosity = low flow rate

Question 9

Partial Pressure

Answer 9

a measure of the concentration of a given gas in a mixture of gases