Chapter 25:Intraaortic Balloon Pump and VADs Flashcards

1
Q

What is the primary purpose of IABP?

A

It is used in patients with heart failure to decrease afterload and assist with diastole to improve coronary perfusion.

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2
Q

What is the volume of the intraaortic balloon?

A

30-50ml

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3
Q

What gas is usually used to inflate the balloon?

A

Helium

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4
Q

The frequency at which the balloon is inflated can be adjusted to what settings?

A

1: 1
1: 2 (every other cardiac cycle–most common)
1: 3 (every third cardiac cycle)

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5
Q

Systemic increase in BP ensures the efficacy of the IABP. True of false?

A

False, it is a misconception that increase in BP indicates that the IABP is functioning properly.

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6
Q

In what situations is IABP ideal?

A

Temporary myocardial dysfunction such as postcardiotomy cardiogenic shock, weaning from CPB, post-infarction angina

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7
Q

When is IABP absolutely contraindicated?

A

Aortic insufficiency or dissection

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8
Q

What are relative contraindications to IABP?

A

Vascular consequences to cannulation such as aortic aneurysms, iliofemoral disease, etc.

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9
Q

When are VADs (ventricular assist device) considered?

A
Pts with the following:
Cardiac index < 2 L/min/m2
Systolic < 90
Increased R atrial pressures
Increased SVR
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10
Q

Indications for VAD:

A
Postcardiotomy shock 
Cardiogenic shock
Decompensated heart failure
Acute myocarditis
Ventricular arrhythmias
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11
Q

Contraindications for VAD:

A

Irreversible end-organ failure

IRREVERSIBLE NEUROLOGICAL INJURY

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12
Q

What pump is newer, has less contact surface, and are good for smaller patients?

A

Axial flow pump

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