Chapter 27.1 and 2

Question 1

is the process that involves the physical or chemical breakdown of minerals on Earth’s surface

Answer 1

Weathering

Question 2

is a mixture of weathered rock, organic matter, water, and air that is capable of supporting plant life

Answer 2

Soil

Question 3

is the remove of surface minerals through the process of weathering

Answer 3

Erosion

Question 4

when wreathe rearranges water, ice, wind, and many more

Answer 4

Sediment Transport

Question 5

when it drops sediment load in the process

Answer 5

deposition

Question 6

the land area that gatherers water for a major river

Answer 6

drainage basin

Question 7

the movement of water parallel to the shoreline

Answer 7

longshore current

Question 8

Do rocks weather at the same rate?

Question 9

What are the two main factors that determine how fast a rock will weather?

Question 10

What are the two types of weathering?

Question 11

What type of change happens with mechanical weathering?

Question 12

What type of change happens with chemical weathering?

Question 13

What are the 3 specific types of mechanical weathering?

Question 14

What causes frost wedging?

Question 15

What is the cycle called during frost wedging?

Question 16

What causes biological activity?

Question 17

What causes weathering during collisions?

Question 18

What is parent materials?

Question 19

What is soil horizons?

Question 20

How many soil horizons are there?

Question 21

True or False. All soils contain every soil horizon.

Question 22

What are the specific soil horizons?

Question 23

What does the first soil horizon contain?

Question 24

What is the second horizon mostly made up of?

Question 25

Which layer does leaching occur?

Question 26

Which horizon collects materials form previous horizons?

Question 27

Which layer is partially weathered bedrock?

Question 28

Which layer is unweathered bedrock?

Question 29

Which soil horizons make up the subsoil?

Question 30

Which soil horizons make up the subsoil?

Question 31

What is the difference between weathering and erosion

Answer 31

Erosion is the removal of surface material and Weathering is the breakdown of materials

Question 32

If the slope of a river decreases, will the speed of the river decrease too?

Answer 32

Yes

Question 33

What are small streams that flow into larger rivers?

Answer 33

tributaries

Question 34

What is the land area called that gathers water for a major river?

Answer 34

Drainage basin

Question 35

What is the boundary that separates distinct drainage basins?

Answer 35

drainage divide

Question 36

As water flows downhill do to gravity, Water erodes earth's surface creating what?

Answer 36

Channels

Question 37

Young rivers create what shape due to fast movement?

Answer 37

V-shape

Question 38

What types of rivers are wide with smooth and gentle slopes?

Answer 38

Mature

Question 39

When river flood and drop their sediment load, which type of land form is formed?

Answer 39

Flood Plains

Question 40

What are the fan shape sediment depots that form at the end of the river?

Answer 40

Deltas

Question 41

What are distributaries?

Answer 41

They are branching channels created by deltas

Question 42

What forms when a river or stream enters into dry land?

Answer 42

Alluvial Fans

Question 43

Two types of glaciers?

Answer 43

Valley and Continental

Question 44

Where do valley glaciers form?

Answer 44

High mountainous region

Question 45

Where do continental glaciers Form?

Answer 45

Colder climates over large land areas

Question 46

Where are the two Continental glaciers locate?

Answer 46

Greenland and Antarctica

Question 47

What are cirque?

Answer 47

bowl shaped basins

Question 48

How do aretes form?

Answer 48

they form when 2 adjacent valley glaciers meet and erode a long, sharp ridgeline

Question 49

What is a horn?

Answer 49

A sharpened peaks

Question 50

What shape of valleys do valley glaciers make?

Answer 50

U-shape valleys

Question 51

What are tributary glaciers?

Answer 51

small glaciers that feed into the large glaciers

Question 52

On which side of the dune does erosion?

Answer 52

WIndward Side

Question 53

on which side of the dune does deposition?

Answer 53

Leeward side

Question 54

What is deflaton?

Answer 54

The removal of wind which leaves heavier participles behind?

Question 55

What is it called when all small participles are removed, and a hard surface is left behind

Answer 55

Desert pavement

Question 56

What is the shape and sizes of the land form do to wind depend on?

Answer 56

wind speed, amount of time the wind blows, sediment supply

Question 57

What are some land forms created by erosion?

Answer 57

coastal cliffs, sea arches, sea stacks

Question 58

What are two examples of wave depositions?

Answer 58

Sand bars, sand spits

Question 59

What is a sand bars?

Answer 59

Land forms that are parallel to the shoreline

Question 60

What are sand spits?

Answer 60

Sand spits are kinda like sand bars but hook back towards land

Question 61

What can cause mass wasting?

Answer 61

snow, heavy rain, or human activity

Question 62

What are some examples of mass waste?

Answer 62

rock slides, mudslides, and landslides