Flashcards in Chapter 3 Deck (50):
0
Squamous cell shape
Thin and flat
1
Polygonal cell shape
Angular shape
2
Stellate cell shape
Starlike
3
Cubiodal cell shape
Square
4
Columnar cell shape
Columns
5
Spheroid cell shape
Round
6
Discoid cell shape
Disk shape
7
Disinformation cell shape
Spindle shaped
8
Fibrous cell shape
Thread like
9
Where is intracellular fluid located?
Inside the cell
10
Where is extracellular fluid located?
Outside the cell
11
What does cholesterol do for the membrane?
Holds phospholipids still
12
Where are peripheral proteins located?
Surface of membrane
13
What do carriers do?
Bind to molecules to transport across membrane
14
What do glycoproteins do?
Recognize potentially dangerous cells
15
What do cell adhesion molecules do?
Hold cells to one another
16
What are microvilli?
Extensions on membrane to increase surface area for absorption
17
What are cilia?
Hair like ligaments, help move things
18
What are flagella?
Longer structures than cilia
19
What is simple diffusion?
High concentration to low concentration
20
What is active transport?
Up a concentration gradient: requires energy
21
What is passive transport?
Down a concentration gradient: doesn't not require energy
22
What is osmosis?
Diffusion of water down a concentration gradient
23
What is reverse osmosis?
Water is forced against it's concentration gradient
24
What is equilibrium?
When both sides of osmosis are filtered through exchange
25
What is tonicity?
Absolute of a solution to effect fluid volume and pressure in a cell
26
What is a hypotonic solution?
Has a lower concentration of no permeating solutes
27
What's a hypertonic solution?
Has a higher concentration of non-permeating solutes than intracellular fluid
28
What is an isotonic solution?
Equal concentration
29
What are transport proteins responsible for?
Carrier-mediated transport
30
How many solutes do uniports carry?
One
31
How many solutes do symports carry?
Two or more in the same direction
32
How many solutes do antiports carry?
2 or more in different directions
33
What does vesicular transport move?
Large particles
34
What does endocytosis do?
Brings materials into a cell
35
What does phagocytosis do?
Engulfs particles
36
What does pinocytosis do?
Taking in fluid
37
What is exocytosis?
Process of discharging material from a cell
38
What is transcytosis?
Endocytosis and exocytosis
39
What is the cytoskeleton?
Determine shape of cell
40
What is the largest organelle?
Nucleus
41
What is endoplasmic reticulum?
System of interconnected cisternae
42
Rough ER structure
Flattens sacs covered with ribosomes
43
Smooth ER
Tubular cisternae
44
What are ribosomes?
Translate RNA to protein
45
What is the Golgi complex?
Received proteins, sorts, and packages them
46
What are lysosomes?
Packages of enzymes surrounded by a unit membrane
47
What are peroxisomes?
Use oxygen to oxidize other molecules
48
What do mitochondria do?
Synthesize ATP
49