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Healthcare > Chapter 3 > Flashcards

Chapter 3 Flashcards

1
Q

Ankylosing spondylitis

A

Rheumatoid arthritis that primarily causes inflammation of joints between vertebrae

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2
Q

Arthrodesis

A

Surgical procedure to stiffen a joint

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3
Q

Arthroscopy

A

Visual examination of the internal structure of a joint using an arthroscope

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4
Q

Autologous

A

(Of cells or tissues) obtained from same individual

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5
Q

Chondroma

A

Slow growing benign tumor derived from cartilage cells

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6
Q

Chondromalacia

A

Abnormal softening of cartilages

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7
Q

Comminuted fracture

A

A fracture in which the bone is splintered or crushed

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8
Q

Compression fracture

A

A fracture in which the bone is pressed together on itself

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9
Q

Costochondritis

A

Inflammation of cartilage that connects a rib to the sternum

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10
Q

Craniostenosis

A

Malformation of skull due to premature closure of cranial sutures

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11
Q

Crepitation

A

Grating sound heard when the ends of a broken bone move together

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12
Q

Dual x-Ray absorptiometry

A

Low exposure radiographic measurement of the spine and hips to measure bone density

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13
Q

Fibrous dysplasia

A

Bone disorder of unknown cause that destroys normal bone structure and replaced it with fibrous (scar-like) treatment

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14
Q

Hallux valgus

A

Abnormal enlargement of the joint at the base of the great toe

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15
Q

Hemarthrosis

A

Blood within a joint

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16
Q

Hemopoietic

A

Pertaining to formation of blood or blood cells

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17
Q

Internal fixation

A

Fracture treatment in which pins or a plate are placed directly into the bone to hold the broken pieces into place

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18
Q

Juvenile rheumatoid arthritis

A

Autoimmune disorder affecting children with symptoms that include stiffness, pain, joint swelling, skin rash, fever, slowed growth, and fatigue

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19
Q

Kyphosis

A

An abnormal increase in the outward curvature of the thoracic spine as viewed from the side

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20
Q

Laminectomy

A

The surgical removal of a lamina from a vertebra

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21
Q

Lordosis

A

Abnormal increase in the forward curvature of the lumbar spine

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22
Q

Lumbago

A

Pain of the lumbar region of the spine

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23
Q

Malleolus

A

Hammer shaped bone such as the ankle

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24
Q

Manubrium

A

Shaped like a handle, upper part of sternum

25
Q

Metacarpals

A

The long five bones in the palm of hand

26
Q

Metatarsals

A

The five bones before the toes of the foot

27
Q

Myeloma

A

Type of cancer that occurs in blood-making cells of the red bone marrow

28
Q

Open fracture

A

Fracture where the bone is broken and there is an open wound in the skin

29
Q

Orthopedic surgeon

A

Surgeons of the musculoskeletal system

30
Q

Orthotic

A

Mechanical appliance, such as a leg brace or splint, that is especially designed to control, correct, or compensate for impaired limb function

31
Q

Osteitis

A

Inflammation of bone

32
Q

Osteoarthritis

A

Type of arthritis most commonly associated with aging

33
Q

Osteochondroma

A

Benign bony projection covered with cartilage

34
Q

Osteoclasis

A

Surgical fraction of a bone to correct deformity

35
Q

Osteomalacia

A

Abnormal softening of bones in adults

36
Q

Osteomyelitis

A

Inflammation of bone marrow and adjacent bone

37
Q

Osteonecrosis

A

Death of bone tissue due to an insufficient blood supply

38
Q

Osteopenia

A

Thinner than average bone density

39
Q

Osteoporosis

A

Marked loss of bone density and increase in bone porosity that is frequently associated with aging

40
Q

Osteoporotic hip fracture

A

Fracture of a hip weakened by osteoporosis that can occur spontaneously or the result of a fall

41
Q

Osteorrhaphy

A

Surgical suturing or wiring together of bones

42
Q

Paget’s disease

A

Bone disease of unknown cause, characterized by excessive breakdown of bone tissue followed by abnormal bone formation

43
Q

Pathologic fracture

A

Occurs when a weakened bone breaks under normal strain

44
Q

Percutaneous vertebroplasty

A

Treatment of osteoporosis-related compression fractions by injecting bone cement to stabilize within spinal column

45
Q

Periostitis

A

Inflammation of the periosteum

46
Q

Podiatrist

A

Diagnose and treat ankle, foot, and leg

47
Q

Prosthesis

A

A substitute for a diseased or missing body part

48
Q

Rheumatoid arthritis

A

Chronic autoimmune disorder in which the synovial membranes, and other body tissues, are inflamed and thickened

49
Q

Rickets

A

Deficiency disease occurring in children involving defective bone growth due to vitamin D deficiency

50
Q

Scoliosis

A

An abnormal lateral curvature of the spine

51
Q

Spina bifida

A

A congenital defect that occurs during early pregnancy where the spinal canal fails to close completely around spinal cord

52
Q

Spiral fracture

A

Where the bone has been split apart

53
Q

Spondylolisthesis

A

The forward slipping movement of the body of one of the lower lumbar vertebrae on the vertebra below it

54
Q

Spondylosis

A

Degenerative disorder that can cause the loss of normal spinal structure and function

55
Q

Subluxation

A

The partial displacement of a bone from its joint

56
Q

Synovectomy

A

The surgical removal of a synovial membrane from a joint

57
Q

Vertebrae

A

The back bone

58
Q

Acetabulum

A

Socket in hipbone that receives the head of the thighbone

59
Q

Allogenic

A

Receiving compatible donor

Healthcare (10 decks)

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