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S4: Radiographic Pathology > Chapter 3 WB > Flashcards

Chapter 3 WB Flashcards

1
Q

what is the name of the area of bifurcation of the trachea?

A

carina

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2
Q

which hilum should always appear higher on the radiograph?

A

left hilum

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3
Q

supine chest images are unacceptable because they cause the appearance of what pathology of the heart?

A

chronic heart failure

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4
Q

the confluence of major bronchi and vessels in each lung is called

A

hilum

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5
Q

in the lung, a localized necrosis of tissue is known as

A

lung abscesses

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6
Q

name the layers of the pleura of the lung

A

visceral pleura and parietal pleura

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7
Q

what procedure may be required to confirm the diagnosis of bronchiectasis when routine chest images are inconclusive?

A

bronchoscopy

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8
Q

name the three most common pneumoconioses

A

silicosis, asbestosis, and coal worker’s pneumoconiosis (CWP)

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9
Q

what is the hereditary disease in which thick mucus is secreted and affects the lungs?

A

cystic fibrosis (CF)

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10
Q

the functional unit for gas exchange in the lungs is the

A

thin-walled alveoli

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11
Q

when areas of fluid consolidation collapse and oppose each other, they cause the bronchi to become visible
this is known as what radiographic sign?

A

“air bronchogram”

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12
Q

with what pathology is a lung edge seen?

A

pneumothorax

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13
Q

permanent dilation of the bronchi is known as

A

bronchiectasis

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14
Q

obstruction of a bronchus is the most common cause of

A

atelectatsis

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15
Q

T/F: calcification in a coil lesion of the lung usually means the lesion is benign

A

true

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16
Q

T/F: emphysema is another name for atelectasis

A

false

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17
Q

T/F: lobar pneumonia mostly involves lung alveoli of an entire lobe

A

false

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18
Q

T/F: rotation of the patient during chest radiography may cause the appearance of loss of lung volume

A

true

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19
Q

T/F: lobar pneumonia is an acute disease caused by a bacterial organism

A

true

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20
Q

T/F: embolic abscess is due to an infected blood clot reaching the lung

A

true

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21
Q

T/F: when a pneumothorax is suspected, the radiographer should take an expiration and inspiration PA chest radiograph

A

false?

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22
Q

T/F: one common reason for obtaining a chest radiograph is a patient history of asthma

A

true

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23
Q

T/F: bronchitis is the medical term for infection of the air sacs within the lungs

A

false

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24
Q

T/F: emphysema is incurable

A

true

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25
Q

T/F: pleurisy refers to an inflammation of the lining of the lungs

A

true

26
Q

T/F: inhaling a peanut may cause a collapsed lung or a portion of it

A

true

27
Q

T/F: inhaling a peanut may cause an abscess of the lung

A

true

28
Q

T/F: inhaling a peanut may cause aspiration pneumonia

A

true

29
Q

T/F: pneumonia is a term used to describe an inflammation of the bronchus

A

false (lungs)

30
Q

T/F: centrilobular emphysema is more commonly known as chronic obstructive pulmonary edema

A

false

31
Q

T/F: leather lung disease is so called because the lung becomes stiff and brittle

A

true

32
Q

T/F: interstitial pneumonia is also known as viral pneumonia

A

true

33
Q

an overexpanded lung can cause all of the following except
1. mediastinal shift
2. atelectasis
3. flattened diaphragm
4. pleural effusion

A

flattened diaphragm

34
Q

to check for deep inspiration in an adult, the diaphragm should be at which level?

A

T-11

35
Q

which of the following chest pathologies would require a decrease in technique from a “normal” chest x-ray?
1. atelectasis
2. pneumothorax
3. pleural effusion
4. pneumonia

A

pneumothorax

36
Q

the carina is found at the level of

A

T-5

37
Q

if an upright chest radiograph cannot be performed, what position is used to demonstrate pleural effusion?

A

lateral decubitus

38
Q

patient rotation can be evaluated on a PA chest image by assessing

A

sternoclavicular joint assymmetry

39
Q

which of the following respiratory disorders is not associated with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease?
1. bronchitis
2. emphysema
3. tuberculosis
4. croup

A

croup

40
Q

caused by infection or allergies which cause mucosal swelling

A

asthma

41
Q

chest images show a rounded opacity, currently the leading tumor in men

A

bronchogenic carcinoma

42
Q

the condition of a collapsed lung

A

atelectasis

43
Q

umbrella term for emphysema or bronchitis

A

COPD

44
Q

dilation of smaller bronchi of the lung

A

bronchiectasis

45
Q

chest radiograph shows air-fluid levels with a cavity; a thick wall surrounds the cavity

A

abscess

46
Q

condition of having inflammation of the pleura

A

pleurisy

47
Q

blood in the pleural cavity

A

hemothorax

48
Q

affected lobe shows as a radiopaque area on the chest x-ray

A

atelectasis

49
Q

fluid in the pleural cavity

A

pleural effusion

50
Q

air in the pleural cavity

A

pneumothorax

51
Q

caused by a deficiency of surfactant called lipoprotein in the alveoli of the lung of a premature infant

A

hyaline membrane disease

52
Q

radiograph demonstrates cavitation and calcification

A

tuberculosis

53
Q

inflammation of the lungs

A

pneumonitis

54
Q

shortness of breath

A

dyspnea

55
Q

lung carcinoma that appears as multiple round masses throughout the lungs

A

nodular metastatic carcinoma

56
Q

localized necrosis of tissues surrounded by inflammatory debris

A

abscess

57
Q

fluid in the lungs

A

pulmonary edema

58
Q

most common process of hospitalized surgical patients and is fatal in 50% of all cases

A

pulmonary emboli

59
Q

patients have diminished heart size and flat diaphragm

A

emphysema

60
Q

shows the meniscus sign

A

pleural effusion

S4: Radiographic Pathology (34 decks)

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