Chapter 30 Flashcards
An adaptation of some terrestrial plants consisting of an embryo packaged along with a store of food within a protective coat.
Seed
Layer of sporophyte tissue that contributes to the structure of an ovule of a seed plant.
Integument
A structure that develops within the ovary of a seed plant and contains the female gametophyte.
Ovule
In seed plants, a structure consisting of the male gametophyte enclosed within a pollen wall.
Pollen grain
The transfer of pollen to the part of a seed plant containing the ovules, a process required for fertilization.
Pollination
An extinct seedless vascular plant that may be ancestral to seed plants.
Progymnosperms
Member of the largest gymnosperm phylum. Most are cone-bearing trees, such as pines and firs.
Conifers
A modified leaf in angiosperms that helps enclose and protect a flower bud before it opens.
Sepals
A modified leaf of a flowering plant. They are often colorful parts of a flower that advertise it to insects and other pollinators.
Petals
In an angiosperm, the stalk portion of the stamen, the pollen-producing reproductive organ of a flower.
Filament
The ovule-producing reproductive organ of a flower, consisting of the stigma, style, and ovary.
Carpel
The sticky part of a flower’s carpel, which traps pollen grains.
Stigma
The stalk of a flower’s carpel, with the ovary at the base and the stigma at the top.
Style
In flowers, the portion of a carpel in which the egg-containing ovules develop.
Ovary
A mature ovary of a flower. It protects dormant seeds and often aids in their dispersal.
Fruit
The female gametophyte of angiosperms, formed from the growth and division of the megaspore into a multicellular structure that typically has eight haploid nuclei.
Embryo Sac
In angiosperms, the transfer of pollen from an anther of a flower on one plant to the stigma of a flower on another plant of the same species.
Cross-pollination
A pore in the integument(s) of an ovule.
Micropyle
A mechanism of fertilization in angiosperms in which two sperm cells unite with two cells in the female gametophyte (embryo sac) to form the zygote and endosperm.
Double Fertilization
A seed leaf of an angiosperm embryo. Some species have one, others two.
Cotyledons
In angiosperms, a nutrient-rich tissue formed by the union of a sperm with two polar nuclei during double fertilization. It provides nourishment to the developing embryo in angiosperm seeds.
Endosperm
Member of a clade consisting of flowering plants that have one embryonic seed leaf, or cotyledon.
Monocots
Member of a clade consisting of the vast majority of flowering plants that have two embryonic seed leaves, or cotyledons.
Eudicot
Member of a clade of three early-diverging lineages of flowering plants. Examples are Amborella, water lilies, and star anise and its relatives.
Basal Angliosperms
