Chapter 33: Alterations of Pulmonary Function Flashcards Preview

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Flashcards in Chapter 33: Alterations of Pulmonary Function Deck (15)
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1
Q
High altitudes may produce hypoxemia by:
a . right to left shunts
b. atelectasis
c. decreased oxygen inspiration
d. emphysema
e. all of the above are correct
A

c. decreased oxygen inspiration

2
Q

in ARDS, increased alveolocapillary membrane permeability mainly is due to:

a. alveolar epithelial damage
b. decreased surfactant
c. vasoconstriction
d. ventilation to perfusion mismatching
e. inflammatory mediators released

A

e. inflammatory mediators released

3
Q

Type II pneumocyte damage causes:

a. increased alveolocapillary permeability
b. chemotaxis for neutrophils
c. exudation of fluid from capillaries into the interstitium
d. decreased surfactant production
e. all of the above are correct

A

d. decreased surfactant production

4
Q

Pulmonary edema may be caused by

a. hypoventilation
b. CNS abnormalities
c. atelectasis
d. rupture of pleura
e. increased pulmonary hydrostatic pressure

A

e. increased pulmonary hydrostatic pressure

5
Q

in asthma:

a. bronchial muscles contract
b. bronchial muscles relax
c. mucous secretions decrease
d. imbalances within the CNS develop

A

a. bronchial muscles contract

6
Q

In emphysema,

a. there is increased area for gaseous exchange.
b. there are prolonged inspiration
c. the bronchioles are primarily involved
d. there is increased diaphragm movement
e. alveoli are less able to recoil and expel air

A

e. alveoli are less able to recoil and expel air

7
Q

In pneumococcal pneumonia, the stage of grey hepatization is characterized by:

a. solidification of tissue
b. fibrin deposition
c. alveoli filling with blood cells and pneumococci
d. macrophages appearing in a alveolar spaces

A

b. fibrin deposition

8
Q

Pulmonary HTN:

a. shows an enlarged pulmonary artery
b. involves deep vein thrombosis
c. shows right ventricular hypertrophy
d. both a & c are correct
e. both a,b,c are correct

A

d. both a & c are correct
a. shows an enlarged pulmonary artery
c. shows right ventricular hypertrophy

9
Q

Cor Pulmonale:

a. occurs in response to long standing pulmonary HTN
b. is right heart failure
c. is manifested by altered tricuspid and pulmonic valve sounds
d. both b & c are correct
e. a,b,c are correct

A

a. occurs in response to long standing pulmonary HTN
b. is right heart failure
c. is manifested by altered tricuspid and pulmonic valve sounds
e. a,b,c are correct

10
Q

A lung cancer characterized by many anaplastic figures and the production of hormones is most likely :

a. squamous cell carcinoma
b. small cell carcinoma
c. large cell carcinoma
d. adenocarcinoma
e. bronchial adenoma

A

b. small cell carcinoma

11
Q

The metastasis of lung squamous cell carcinoma is:

a. late
b. very early and widespread
c. early
d. early and widespread
e. never seen

A

a. late

12
Q

which is true about tuberculosis

a. it is caused by an aerobic bacillus
b. it may affect other organs
c. it involves a type III hypersensitivity
d. antibodies to it may be detected with a skin test

A

a. it is caused by an aerobic bacillus

b. it may affect other organs

13
Q

Pulmonary emboli usually do which of the following?

a. obstruct blood supply to lung parenchyma
b. have origins from thrombi in the legs
c. occlude pulmonary vein branches
d. occlude pulmonary artery branches

A

a. obstruct blood supply to lung parenchyma
b. have origins from thrombi in the legs
d. occlude pulmonary artery branches

14
Q

Chronic bronchitis:

a. is caused by a lack of surfactant
b. impairs cilia
c. exhibits a non productive cough
d. causes collapsed alveoli

A

b. impairs cilia

15
Q

Emphysema is precipitated by:

a. histamine
b. TNF
c. leukotrienes
d. alpha-1 antitrypsin deficiency

A

d. alpha-1 antitrypsin deficiency