Chapter 4

Question 1

The sum of the measured values divided by n, the number of measurements

Answer 1

Mean (average)

Question 2

Solutions containing all reagents and solvents used in the analysis, but no deliberately added analyte

Answer 2

Blank solutions

Question 3

A graph showing the value of some property versus concentration of analyte. When the corresponding property of an unknown is measured, its concentration can be determined from the graph

Answer 3

Calibration curve

Question 4

An ideal bell-shaped curve

Answer 4

Gaussian distribution

Question 5

For a straight line whose equation is y = mx + b, b is the intercept. It is the value of y when x = 0

Answer 5

Intercept

Question 6

Concentration range over which the change in detector response is proportional to the change in analyte concentration

Answer 6

Linear range

Question 7

The corrected analytical signal is proportional to the quantity of analyte

Answer 7

Linear response

Question 8

Process of fitting a mathematical function to a set of measured points by minimizing the sum of the squares of the distances from the points to the curve

Answer 8

Method of least squares

Question 9

A value that is far from the other points

Answer 9

Outlier

Question 10

For a straight line whose equation is y = mx + b, the value of m is the slope. It is the ratio delta y/delta x for any segment of the line

Answer 10

Slope

Question 11

Measures how closely the data are clustered about the mean

Answer 11

Standard deviation (s)

Question 12

Solutions containing known concentrations of analyte

Answer 12

Standard solutions

Question 13

The square of the standard deviation

Answer 13

Variance