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Flashcards in Chapter 4 Deck (54)
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0
Q

Bicameral

A

Two house government

1
Q

Parliament

A

Bicameral (two house) legislature

2
Q

Virtual representation

A

The belief in England that the colonies are represented in England

3
Q

Sugar Act

A

1764 Britain put a tax on sugar, was a direct tax to regulate purpose

4
Q

Quartering Act (1765)

A

More English soldiers were stationed into colonies + people were forced to house them if needed

5
Q

Stamp act

A

Tax on paper to regulate trade and raise money. Was taken away. Made to raise money after English debt.

6
Q

Taxation without representation

A

Britain would not give colonies representation, so the colonies told them that they shouldn’t be taxed unless they were represented in congress

7
Q

John Adams

A

Prominent Massachusetts lawyer that defended the soldiers from Boston Massacre

8
Q

Influence of Enlightenment

A

The colonists started different documents including Common Sense and Declaration of Independence

9
Q

Patrick Henry

A

Young Virginia that drafted Virginia resolves. Didn’t think Britain had right to tax

10
Q

Sons of Liberty

A

Group of men that led popular protest. Boston Massacre

11
Q

Nonimportation agreements

A

Agreements of colonies to stop importing goods to England. Boycott

12
Q

Role of Women in colonial protests

A

“Mother figures” that would take care and support the soldiers an Sons of liberty

13
Q

Townshend Acts

A

Glass, tea, paper. After stamp act. They later on take them all away except tea. After=Boston Tea Party

14
Q

Boston Massacre

A

Patriot name for killing of 5men by soldiers during a rebellion.

15
Q

Committees of correspondence

A

After Boston Massacre, mid 1770s. Communication about England. Designed to promote unity in colonies.

16
Q

Boston Tea Party

A

When colonists dressed up as Indians and poured millions of dollars worth of tea.

17
Q

Intolerable Acts

A

Close Boston Harbour, limit Massachusetts legislature, pass/expand Quartering Act, people accused of crime=trailed in England, more space in Quebec

18
Q

First continental congress

A

Men in Philadelphia, all colonies except Georgia, called for boycott of British goods, agreed to meet following year.

19
Q

Militia

A

Full time farmers, part time soldiers for hire

20
Q

Loyalists

A

Colonists who remain loyal to Britain

21
Q

Patriots

A

Colonists that supported the idea of breaking away from Britain

22
Q

Second continental congress

A

When delicates from each state assembled in Philadelphia to discuss breaking away from Britain. Sent Olive Tree Branch Petition

23
Q

Continental Army

A

Army that represented colonies during Revolutionary War

24
Q

George Washington

A

Had served as a colonial officer in French Indian war. Became president

25
Q

Olive Branch petition

A

Congress sent to Europe to tell King that they were still loyal to King but not Parliament. One last effort from 2nd Continental congress. King ignores+ starts revolution

26
Q

Thomas Paine + Common Sense

A

Recent immigrant from England who was Artisan tax collector. Document that pursuaded more people to dislike King and break away from Britain

27
Q

Declaration of Independence

A

Document that declared independence from Britain

28
Q

Thomas Jefferson

A

Wrote Declaration of Independence

29
Q

Natural Rights

A

Derived from Enlightenment, life liberty property <- John Locke

30
Q

Unalienable Rights

A

Thomas Jefferson changes natural rights to: life, liberty, pursuit of happiness

31
Q

William Howe

A

New British commander that ordered frontal assault by soldiers in middle of day

32
Q

Battle of Bunker hill

A

Patriots fortified hills overlooking boston and hoped to drive British away from seaport. Patriots won.

33
Q

The American crisis

A

Papflit written by Thomas Paine. Gave respect to the country

34
Q

Mercenaries

A

Soldiers who fought for hire. Left after their time was over

35
Q

Battle of Trenton

A

When Washington surprised more than 1,000 German soldiers + WON

36
Q

Charles Cornwallis

A

General of British Army against Washington

37
Q

Battle of Princeton

A

Victory of Washington by moving his troops in the night + killed many Cornwallis troops.

38
Q

French enter the war

A

France enters the war after Benjamin Franklin makes treaty of Paris in France

39
Q

Spain enter the war

A

They funded and provided critical military supplies. Spain was allied with France

40
Q

Marquis de Lafayette

A

Patriot general that provided military expense

41
Q

Benjamin Franklin

A

Leading American negotiator in Paris got French on US side.

42
Q

Valley Forge

A

Outside of Philadelphia where Washington’s army spent bad winter.

43
Q

Battle of Monmouth

A

New Jersey where British fought off Washington

44
Q

The Frontier war

A

Political + geographical areas near or beyond a boundary.

45
Q

Colonel George Rogers Clark

A

Was a Virginia Militia, of highest ranking American military

46
Q

Kings Mountain

A

South Carolina in 1780 when Patriots crushed loyalists

47
Q

Nathanael Greene

A

Major general of continental army. Forced Cornwallis to head to Virginia

48
Q

Daniel Morgan

A

Member of US House of Reprasentatives from Virginia’s 1st congressional district

49
Q

Yorktown

A

When French has more forces than US and Virginia where Washington planned to trap Cornwallis’ army. Most important battle

50
Q

Treaty of Paris

A

Treaty with Paris by Benjamin Franklin 1783. Got French on US side

51
Q

Treaty of Stanwix (1784) and Hopewell(1785)

A

Treaties between colonies and Indians after Revolution to force Indians out of the land.

52
Q

Impact of the revolution on Women + slaves

A

Both thought that they’d get freedoms like the men would, so they helped. They were only led on because slavery gets worse and woman couldn’t vote

53
Q

Manumission

A

Act of slave owner freeing slaves