Chapter 4 Flashcards
What is the difference between a light microscope and an electron microscope?
The light microscope uses light and lenses to magnify an image. The electron microscope uses electrons to illuminate the image.
What are the characteristics of a prokaryotic cell?
They lack a nucleus and internal membrane. Bacteria and archaea have this type.
What are the characteristics of a eukaryotic cell?
They are more complex because they have internal membranes. They include everything except bacteria and archaea.
What do animal cells have that plants do not?
Lysosome and centrioles.
What do plant cells have that animals cells do not?
Cell wall, chloroplast, central vacuole.
What does the plasma membrane do?
It is selectively permeable, meaning it only allows certain substances in and out of the cell.
What is the fluid mosaic model?
A lipid bilayer that gives elasticity to the membrane.
What is the plasma membrane made up of?
Phospholipids.
What does the nucleus do?
It directs all activities in the cell and holds hereditary information.
What does smooth er do?
Synthesize lipids, detoxify the liver, and store calcium in muscle cells. They don’t have ribosomes.
What does rough er do?
Participates in protein production. It has ribosomes attached.
What does golgi do?
Collect, package, and distribute molecules made in the er.
What does golgi do?
Collect, package, and distribute molecules made in the er.
What do vacuoles do?
A cavity that contains water and waste products of cell metabolism in plants.
What do mitochondria do?
Take in nutrients and break them down to produce energy.
