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Adolescent Psych > Chapter 4 Body Issues: Physical Growth and Health-Related Behaviors > Flashcards

Chapter 4 Body Issues: Physical Growth and Health-Related Behaviors Flashcards

0
Q

biochemical substances secreted into the blood stream by the endocrine glands that act as an internal communication system that tells different cells what to do

A

Hormones

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1
Q

structures in the body that produce hormones

A

Endocrine Glands

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2
Q

a small area of the brain that controls motivation, emotion, pleasure, and pain in the body; that is, it control eating, drinking, hormonal production, menstruation, pregnancy, lactation, and sexual response and behavior

A

Hypothalamus

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3
Q

a hormone secreted by the hypothalamus that controls the production and release of FSH and LH from the pituitary

A

Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone (GnRH)

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4
Q

master gland of the body located at the base of the brain

A

Pituitary Gland

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5
Q

hormones that are secreted by the pituitary and that influence the gonads, or sex glands

A

Gonadotropic Hormones

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6
Q

a pituitary hormone that stimulates the maturation of the follicles and ova in the ovaries and pf sperm in the testes

A

Follicle-Stimulating Hormone (FSH)

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7
Q

a pituitary hormone that stimulates the development of the ovum and estrogen and progesterone in females and of sperm and testosterone in males

A

Luteinizing Hormone (LH)

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8
Q

a pituitary hormone that regulates body growth

A

Human Growth Hormone (HGH)

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9
Q

the sex glands; testes and ovaries

A

Gonads

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10
Q

female gonads, or sex glands, that secrete estrogen and progesterone and produce mature egg cells

A

Ovaries

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11
Q

feminizing hormones produced by the ovaries and, to some extent, by the adrenal gland

A

Estrogen

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12
Q

a female sex hormone produced by the corpus luteum of the ovaries

A

Progesterone

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13
Q

a yellow body that grows from the ruptured follicle of the ovary and becomes an endocrine gland that secretes progesterone

A

Corpus Luteum

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14
Q

the male gonads that produce sperm and male sex hormones

A

Testes

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15
Q

a class of masculinizing sex hormones produces by the testes and, to a lesser extent, by the adrenals

A

Androgens

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16
Q

a masculinizing sex hormone produced by the testes and, to a lesser extent, by the adrenals

A

Testosterone

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17
Q

ductless glands, located just above the kidneys, that secrete androgens and estrogens in both men and women, in addition to the glands’ secretion of adrenaline

A

Adrenal Glands

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18
Q

the process by which sperm is produced

A

Spermatogenesis

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19
Q

a hormone produced in the testes to regulate FSH secretion and sperm production

A

Inhibin

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20
Q

cells in the testes that produce the hormone inhibin

A

Sertoli Cells

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21
Q

the pouch of skin containing the testes

A

Scrotum

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22
Q

a system of ducts, running from the testes to the vas deferens, in which sperm mature and are stored

A

Epididymis

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23
Q

the tubes running from the epididymis to the urethra that carry semen and sperm to the ejaculatory duct

A

Vas Deferens

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24
Q

twin glands that secrete fluid into the vas deferens to enhance sperm viability

A

Seminal Vesicles

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25
Q

gland that secretes a portion of the seminal fluid

A

Prostate Gland

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26
Q

the tube carrying urine from the bladder to the outside; in males, it also carries the semen to the outside

A

Urethra

27
Q

the male organ for coitus and urination

A

Penis

28
Q

the masculinizing hormone testosterone taken by athletes to build muscle mass

A

Anabolic Steroids

29
Q

small twin glands that secrete a fluid to neutralize the acid environment of the urethra

A

Cowper’s Glands

30
Q

male ejaculation during sleep

A

Night Emissions

31
Q

a recently coined term for a boy’s first ejaculation; derived from the word menarche

A

Semenarche

32
Q

collective term referring to the external genitalia of the female

A

Vulva

33
Q

the opening cleft region enclosed by the labia minora

A

Vestibule

34
Q

the tissue partly covering the vaginal opening

A

Hymen

35
Q

glands on either side of the vaginal opening that secrete fluid during sexual arousal

A

Bartholin’s Glands

36
Q

the canal from the cervix to the vulva that receives the penis during intercourse and acts as the birth canal through whicvh the baby passes to the outside

A

Vagina

37
Q

major or large lips of tissue on either side of the vagina

A

Labia Majora

38
Q

smaller lips or tissue on either side of the vagina

A

Labia Minora

39
Q

a small shaft containing erectile tissue, located above the vaginal and urethral openings, that is highly responsive to sexual stimulation

A

Clitoris

40
Q

mound of flesh in the female located above the vagina, over which pubic hair grows

A

Mons Veneris

literally “mound of Venus”

41
Q

the womb in which the baby grows and develops

A

Uterus

42
Q

tubes that transport the ova from the ovaries to the uterus

A

Fallopian Tubes

43
Q

first menstruation

A

Menarche

44
Q

without ovulation

A

Anovulatory

45
Q

hormones that cause smooth muscle contractions and contribute to dysmenorrhea and menhorragia

A

Prostaglandins

46
Q

drugs that destroy prostaglandins and can reduce menstrual distress

A

Antiprostiglandins

47
Q

a condition in which the bones become brittle due to calcium loss

A

Osteoporosis

48
Q

features not directly related to reproduction that distinguish male from female bodies

A

Secondary Sexual Characteristics

49
Q

a hormone that helps trigger puberty

A

Leptin

50
Q

a phenomenon experienced by some young male adolescents in which their breasts temporarily swell as they enter puberty

A

Gynecomastia

51
Q

the trend to mature sexually at earlier ages

A

Secular Trend

52
Q

tall, slender body build

A

Ectomorph

53
Q

short, heavy body build

A

Endomorph

54
Q

medium, athletic body build

A

Mesomorph

55
Q

the probability of dying

A

Mortality

56
Q

overweight; excessively fat

A

Obesity

57
Q

the rate at which the body utilizes food and oxygen

A

Metabolic Rate

58
Q

the hormone the brain produces to induce sleep

A

Melatonin

59
Q

pimples on the skin caused by overactive sebaceous glands

A

Acne

60
Q

sweat glands located primarily in the armpits and groin whose secretions cause body odor

A

Apocrine Glands

61
Q

sweat gland distributed over the entire body

A

Merocrine Glands

62
Q

oil-producing skin glands whose secretions can cause acne in the glands’ pores become blocked

A

Sebaceous Glands

63
Q

tender, raised red bumps that are precursors to pimples

A

Papules

64
Q

the medical term for pimples

A

Pustules

65
Q

large, deep pimples that can cause scarring

A

Cysts

Adolescent Psych (13 decks)

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