CHAPTER 4: Lesson 14: Bacterial Genetics and Engineering

Question 1

It is the science of heredity

Answer 1

Genetics

Question 2

it includes the study of genes and
information it carries

Answer 2

Genetics

Question 3

It is the genetic information that a cell carry that includes
chromosomes and plasmid.

Answer 3

Genome

Question 4

containing DNA that carry
hereditary information

Answer 4

Chromosomes

Question 5

It carry the genes

Answer 5

chromosomes

Question 6

segments of
DNA (except in RNA viruses) that code for functional products

Answer 6

Genes

Question 7

It is a macromolecule composed of repeating units called
nucleotides

Answer 7

DNA or deoxyribonucleic acid

Question 8

DNA or
deoxyribonucleic acid is a macromolecule composed of repeating units called _______.

Answer 8

nucleotides

Question 9

Repeating units of DNA

Answer 9

nucleotides

Question 10

Each nucleotide is consist of the ff:

Answer 10

• nitrogenous base (adenine, thymine,
cytosine or guanine)
• deoxyribose (a pentose sugar)
• phosphate group

Question 11

nitrogenous base

Answer 11

adenine
thymine
cytosine
guanine

Question 12

a pentose sugar

Answer 12

deoxyribose

Question 13

This exist as long strands of nucleotides twisted together in pairs to form a
double helix

Answer 13

cells DNA

Question 14

The cells DNA exist as long strands of nucleotides twisted together in pairs to form a
_________.

Answer 14

double helix

Question 15

The two strands of nucleotides are held together by
__________ between base pairs

Answer 15

hydrogen bonds

Question 16

Base pairs

Answer 16

• thymine and adenine (AT)
• cytosine and guanine (GC)

Question 17

These strands have two designated ends called __________.

Answer 17

5’ and 3’ (5 prime end and 3 prime end)

Question 18

The numbers 5 and 3 represent what?

Answer 18

5th and 3rd carbon atom of the
sugar ring respectively

Question 19

It represent the fifth and third carbon atom of the
sugar ring respectively.

Answer 19

numbers 5 and 3

Question 20

It is the end, which joins a phosphate group that attaches to
another nucleotide

Answer 20

5’

Question 21

It is important as during replication the new nucleotide is
added to this end

Answer 21

3’ end

Question 22

In terms of direction, if one strand is 5’ to 3’ while reading from left
to right, the other strand will be ________.

Answer 22

3’ to 5’

Question 23

It is the genetic makeup of an organism that codes for all its
characteristics.

Answer 23

Genotype

Question 24

It is the organisms collection of genes.

Answer 24

Genotype

Question 25

It is the
actual expressed properties of an organism or the manifestation of a genotype.

Answer 25

phenotype

Question 26

Genome is the genetic information that a cell carry that includes _____________.

Answer 26

chromosomes and plasmid