chapter 4 vocabulary Flashcards
An organism that can make its own food
Autotroph
The process by which a cell captures energy from sunlight and uses it to make food
Photosynthesis
An organism that can’t make its own food
Heterotroph
Colored chemical compounds that absorb light
Pigment
The main photosynthetic pigment in chloroplasts
Chlorophyll
Small openings on the undersides of leaves
Stomata
The process by which cells obtain energy from glucose
Respiration
Provides energy for cells without using oxygen
Fermentation
The regular sequence of growth and division that cells undergo
Cell cycle
The process before cell division where the cell grows, makes a copy of its DNA, and prepared to divide in to 2 cells
Interphase
When the cell makes an exact copy of the DNA and the nucleus
Replication
The stage when the cells nucleus divides
Mitosis
The threadlike chromatin in the nucleus condenses to form double rod structures called chromosomes
Chromosomes
The final stage of the cell cycle when the cytoplasm divides and the organelles are distributed in their new cell
Cytokinesis
The process by which cells change in structure and become capable of carrying out specialized functions
Differentiation
