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Oral Pathology > Chapter 5 > Flashcards

Chapter 5 Flashcards

1
Q

Developmental disorder

A

Abnormality resulting from the failure or disturbance of the developing body’s cell divisions, multiplication or differentiation.

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2
Q

Inherited disorder

A

Caused by abnormality in genetic makeup passed in from parents to offspring

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3
Q

Congenital disorders

A

Present at birth. Not all congenital disorders are genetic, but all genetic disorders are congenital because they are present at birth.

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4
Q

Ankyloglossia

A

Soft tissue abnormality
Extensive adhesion of tongue to the floor of mouth.
Can cause gingival recession and bone loss.

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5
Q

Commisurar lip pits

A

Soft tissue abnormality.

Corners of mouth

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6
Q

Cyst

A

Abnormal, pathological, sac or cavity lined by epithelium, enclosed in a CT capsule

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7
Q

Dentigerous cyst

A

(Follicular cyst)
Forms around crown of unerupted tooth
Originates from the reduced enamel epithelium
Most common in third molar area
Well defined unilocular radiolucency around crown or impacted tooth
TX: surgical removal of cyst, and often tooth.
Found in BONE
Odontogenic cyst

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8
Q

Anodontia

A

Congenitally missing all teeth

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9
Q

Hypodontia

A

Congenital lack of one or more teeth

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10
Q

Supernumerary tooth

A

Extra tooth, mesiodens (at maxillary midline) are most common

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11
Q

Mocrodontia

A

Small teeth. Most common: peg lateral

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12
Q

Gemination

A

Single tooth root attempting to divide into two crowns.

Counted teeth - should be a normal count of teeth

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13
Q

Fusion

A

Union of two adjacent tooth germs

Counted- less than normal counted teeth

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14
Q

Concreasance

A

Adjacent teeth joined by cementum only

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15
Q

Dilaceration

A

Abnormal curve or angle of roots

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16
Q

Enamel pearls

A

Small enamel projection usually located on maxillary molar furcations

17
Q

Talon cusp

A

Extra cusp located on the lingual side of a max or mand. Incisor

18
Q

Taurodontism

A

Teeth have elongated, large pulp chambers and short roots. “Bulls teeth”
Usually molars.

19
Q

Eruption cyst

A

Similar to dentigerous cyst but found in soft tissue
Usual,y requires no treatment because tooth can erupt through cyst
Odontogenic cyst

20
Q

Primordial cyst

A 
Develops in place of a tooth
Third molar area
Well defined readiolucency
Surgical excision of cyst
In BONE
Odontogenic cyst
21
Q

Odontogenic keratocyst

A

Unique histo logical appearance (8-10 layers of epithelium, surfaced by parakeratin, palisades basal layer).
Mandi usar third molar
Well defined MULTILOCULAR radiolucent lesion
May be a primordial or dentigerous cyst with keratinization of epithelial lining
Surgical excision and bone curretage to remove all cystic epithelium
High recurrence rate.

22
Q

Lateral periodontal cyst

A

Asymptomatic, unlilocular OR multilocular radiolucency on the lateral aspect of a tooth root
Mandibolare cuspid or premolar most common
Surgical excision
Only in BONE
ODONTOGENIC CYST

23
Q

Gingival cyst

A

Same as lateral periodontal cyst (same area) but located in the soft tissue
Derived from cells of lamina dura
Odontogenic cyst

24
Q

Nasopalatine canal cyst

A

AKA incisive canal cyst
Well defined, heart shaped radiolucency in the maxillary midline
Non odontogenic cyst

25
Q

Median palatine cyst

A

Well defined radiolucency in midline of hard palate
More posterior form of nasopalatine canal cyst
Non odontogenic

26
Q

Globulomaxillary cyst

A

Well defined pear shaped radiolucency
Found between roots of maxillary cuspids and lateral incisors
Infused bone where globular process meets first branchial arch or palatial process. Fills w epithelium causing cyst
Non odontogenic cyst

27
Q

Median mandibular cyst

A

Midline of mandible
Rare
Non odontogenic cyst

28
Q

Epidermal cyst

A

Raised nodule of skin of face or neck and occasionally oral mucosa, filled with keratin, thought to originate from hair follicle
Non odontogenic cyst

29
Q

Dermoid cyst

A

Developmental soft tissue cyst often present at birth
Uncommon in oral cavity, but may be found in anterior floor of mouth
Non odontogenic cyst

30
Q

Nasolabial cyst

A

Soft tissue cyst originating from nasolacrimal duct

Non odontogenic cyst

31
Q

Thyroglossal tract cyst

A

Forms in area where thyroid gland develops
Foramen cecum to neck
Smooth swelling of neck often below hyoid bone
Difficulty swallowing and moving tongue
Non odontogenic cyst

32
Q

Static bone cyst (Stafne bone cyst)

Thin bone

A 
Well defined radiolucency
Posterior mandible below canal
Caused by lingual depression in bone 
Extension of sublingual salivary gland 
Pseudocyst
33
Q

Simple bone cyst (traumatic bone cyst)

A

Pathological cavity NOT lined with epithelium
Cause unknown
Pseudocyst

34
Q

Aneurysmal bone cyst

A

Blood filled spaces sourrounded by multinucleated giant cells and fibrous connective tissue (similar to giant cell granuloma)
MULTILOCULAR radiolucency soap bubble or honeycomb appearance
Bone expansion
Excessive bleeding during surgical extraction
Pseudocyst

35
Q

Odontogenic cysts

A

Developmental cysts related to tooth development

36
Q

Non odontogenic cysts

A

Developmental cysts NOT related to tooth development

37
Q

Enamel hypoplasia

A

Incomplete or defective formation of enamel during tooth development.
Generalized all over tooth appearance

38
Q

Regional odontodysplasia

A

When one or more teeth show significant reduction in radiodensity, having a ghostlike appearance
Very thin enamel and dentin, large pulp chambers.

39
Q

Ankylosed teeth

A

Submerged teeth
Deciduous tooth that has bone fused to cementum resulting in inability to loose deciduous tooth preventing permanent tooth eruption
No PDL space

Oral Pathology (5 decks)

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