CHAPTER 5

Question 1

what happens when something is oxidised

Answer 1

oxygen has been taken away

Question 2

what happens when something is reduced

Answer 2

gains oxygen

Question 3

what is a displacement reaction

Answer 3

when a more reactive metal displaces a less reactive metal from a salt

Question 4

what is a metal ore

Answer 4

a rock containing a high concentration of a metal

Question 5

equation for a metal and acid

Answer 5

metal + acid = salt + hydrogen

Question 6

equation for a neutralisation reaction

Answer 6

acid + base = salt + water

Question 7

what is a neutralisation reaction

Answer 7

acid + alkali

Question 8

what do the sums of the charges on a salt add up to

Answer 8

0

Question 9

equation for when an acid and alkali react

Answer 9

acid + alkali = salt + water

Question 10

equation for acid + metal carbonate

Answer 10

acid + metal carbonate = salt + water + carbon dioxide

Question 11

what are acids

Answer 11

substances that produce h+ ions when added to water

Question 12

how do the most reactive metals react with dilute acid

Answer 12

explode

Question 13

how do medium-high reactive metals react with water

Answer 13

react but slowly

Question 14

how do medium-high metals react with dilute acid

Answer 14

fizz, give of hydrogen and produce a salt

Question 15

how do medium-low metals react with water

Answer 15

slight reaction when heated

Question 16

how do medium-low metals react with dilute acid

Answer 16

react only when warm

Question 17

how do low metals react with water

Answer 17

no reaction

Question 18

how do low reactive metals react with dilute acid

Answer 18

no reaction

Question 19

what is an ionic equation

Answer 19

when the atoms or particles that don’t change aren’t included

Question 20

what is carbon used for

Answer 20

extracting metals from their oxides

Question 21

what is a half equation

Answer 21

something that includes electrons

Question 22

what is oxidation

Answer 22

loss of reactions

Question 23

what is reduction

Answer 23

gain of electrons

Question 24

what is a redox reaction

Answer 24

where one thing gains electrons and loses them eg a displacement reaction

Question 25

what is the equation for metal oxide + carbon

Answer 25

metal + carbon dioxide

Question 26

what are metals less reactive than carbon extracted by

Answer 26

carbon

Question 27

what are metals more reactive than carbon extracted by

Answer 27

electrolysis

Question 28

what is a salt

Answer 28

a compound formed when the hydrogen in an acid is wholly or partially replaced by metal particles

Question 29

what gets reduced in a MASH reaction

Answer 29

hydrogen ions

Question 30

what is oxidised in a MASH reaction

Answer 30

metal ions

Question 31

what is an acid

Answer 31

something that produces h+ ions in water

Question 32

what is an alkali

Answer 32

something that produces OH- ions in water

Question 33

what makes an acid strong

Answer 33

when all particles ionise to form H+ ions in water

Question 34

metal + water =

Answer 34

metal hydroxide + hydrogen

Question 35

acid + metal hydroxide =

Answer 35

salt + water

Question 36

how do you extract metals from ores using carbon

Answer 36

the ore loses oxygen and the carbon gains the oxygen

Question 37

what is a displacement reaction

Answer 37

when a more reactive element displaces a less reactive one from its salt

Question 38

how does carbon reduces a metal

Answer 38

it removes the oxygen by bonding to it and forming C02 so the metal is pure

Question 39

why are some metals like gold found in their natural state

Answer 39

they are very unreactive

Question 40

what is a salt

Answer 40

a compound formed when the hydrogen in a acid is replaced by a metal

Question 41

what is displaced in an acid + metal displacement reaction

Answer 41

hydrogen

Question 42

what happens to the electrons in a MASH reaction

Answer 42

they are transferred from the hydrogen to the metal

Question 43

what is an alkali

Answer 43

a base that is soluble in water

Question 44

what enables you to work out the formula of salts

Answer 44

their overall charge = 0

Question 45

what is the equation for an acid + alkali reaction using ions

Answer 45

H+ OH- = H20

Question 46

what makes a solution acidic

Answer 46

when an acid releases hydrogen into the water

Question 47

what is special about the ionisation of a weak acid

Answer 47

it is reversible so an equilibrium

Question 48

what does the strength of the acid tell you

Answer 48

what proportion of the acid molecules ionise in water

Question 49

what does the concentration of an acid tell you

Answer 49

how much acid there is in a certain volume of water

Question 50

what is the effect of aqueous solutions

Answer 50

if the metal ion is more reactive than hydrogen, hydrogen will be produced

Question 51

how do covalent bonds hold atoms together

Answer 51

electrostatic forces between the shared negatively charged electrons and the positively charged nuclei