Chapter 5 - An Age of Empires: Rome and Han China 753BCE-600CE Flashcards

1
Q

Republic

A

The period from which 507 to 31 BCE, during which Rome was largely governed by the aristocratic Roman Senate

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2
Q

Senate

A

A council whose members were the heads of wealthy, landowning familes. Originally an advisory body to the early kings, in the era of the Roman Republic the senate effectively governed the Roman state and the Growing empire.

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3
Q

Patron/Client Relationship

A

A fundamental social relationship in which the patron, a powerful individual provided legal and economic protection to clients in return for support in the Patron’s economic and political interests.

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4
Q

Principate

A

A term used to characterize roman government in the first three centuries based on the ambiguous title princeps adopted by Augustus to conceal his military dictatorship.

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5
Q

Augustus

A

Honorific name of Octavian, founder of Roman Principate. Military dictatorship that replaced Roman Senate rule.

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6
Q

Equites

A

In Ancient Italy, prosperous landowners second in wealth and status to the senatorial aristocracy.

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7
Q

Pax Romana

A

Roman Peace, connoted stability and prosperity that roman rule brought to the land of the Roman Empire

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8
Q

Romanization

A

The process in which the Latin language and Roman Culture became dominant in western provinces

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9
Q

Jesus

A

A jew from Galilee in northern Israel who sought to reform Jewish beliefs and practices. He was executed as a revolutionary by the Romans.

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10
Q

Paul

A

A Jew from the Greek city of Tarsus in Anatolia, he initially prosecutes Jesus’ followers. After a revelation in Damascus, he becomes a christian and establishes churches.

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11
Q

Aqueduct

A

A conduit, elevated or underground, that used gravity to carry water from city to city

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12
Q

Third Century Crisis

A

Political and economic turmoil that beset the Roman empire during much of the third century, frequent changes of rulers and civil wars occured

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13
Q

Constantine

A

Roman emperor, Moves capital to constantinople and changes christianity in to a favored religion.

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14
Q

Qin

A

A people and state in the Wei Valley of china that conquered rival states and created the first empire. The Qin ruler was Shi Huangdi, he standardized Chinese society and was ruthless

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15
Q

Shi Huangdi

A

Founder of the Qin dynasty, remembered for ruthless conquests and forced labor on Terracotta soldiers

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16
Q

Han

A

Term used to designate the ethnic Chinese who originated in the Yellow River Valley

17
Q

Xiongnu

A

Confederation of nomadic peoples living on the northwest frontier of China. Many emperors created barriers to exclude these barbarians.

18
Q

Sima Qian

A

Chief astrologer for the Han dynasty emperor Wu. Composed a monumental history of China from legendary origins to his own time and regarded the father of history.

19
Q

Chang’an

A

City in Wei valley in eastern China. Capital of Qin and Early Han empires.

20
Q

Gentry

A

Class of prosperous families, next to rural aristocrats. Were educated and had expertise, a privileged class. Also ran the government