Chapter 6

Question 1

States of Matter

Answer 1

Solids, Liquids, Gases and Plasma

Question 2

Describe Solids

Answer 2

A fixed volume and shape, molecules that make up solids have the shortest distance to travel until they collide

Question 3

Describe Liquids

Answer 3

A fixed volume but adapt to the shape of the container.

Question 4

Describe Gases

Answer 4

Have no fixed volume nor shape. Weak forces, molecules exhibit rapid motion with frequent collisions. Gas is a fluid

Question 5

Potential Energy

Answer 5

Energy of position .. reason why solids are rigid and liquids have viscosity and cohesiveness

Question 6

Kinetic Energy

Answer 6

energy of motion and makes up most of gases internal energy

Question 7

Internal Energy of Matter

Answer 7

the total amount of energy contained within a substance

Question 8

Laws of Thermodynamics

Answer 8

refers to either the science studying the properties of matter at various temperatures OR the kinetics of reactions of matter at various temperatures

Question 9

First Law

Answer 9

states the increase in the internal energy of a closed system can only be the result of work performed on the system

Question 10

List Heat Transfer Methods (5)

Answer 10

Conduction, Convection, Radiation, Evaporation and condensation

Question 10

Describe Conduction

Answer 10

Heat transfers in solids ; transfer of energy by direct contact between hot and cold molecules

Question 11

Describe Convection

Answer 11

Heat transfer in both liquids and gases

Question 12

Describe Radiation

Answer 12

Heat transfer occurs without direct physical contact

Question 13

Describe Evaporation

Answer 13

Change of state from liquid to gas ; requires heat

Question 14

Describe Condensation

Answer 14

Gas becomes a liquid ; heat is given to the enviornment

Question 15

Heat Transfer

Answer 15

heat will move form the hotter object to the cooler until both objects temperatures are equal

Question 16

Formula for Kelvin Celsius

Answer 16

K = C + 273

Question 17

Temperature

Answer 17

the measurement of heat, resulting in kinetic energy

Question 18

Celsius formula

Answer 18

F= (C x 1.8) +32

Question 19

Fahrenheit formula

Answer 19

C = (F -32) / 1.8

Question 20

Change of State

Answer 20

Melting, Freezing, Sublimation

Question 21

Describe melting

Answer 21

changeover from solid to liquid state

Question 22

Describe Freezing

Answer 22

opposite of melting ; temp at which substances freeze

Question 23

Describe sublimation

Answer 23

transition form solid to vapor without becoming liquid as an intermediary form; occurs because vapor pressure is low enough

Question 24

Properties of Liquids(5)

Answer 24

Pressure, Buoyancy, Viscosity, surface tension, capillary action

Question 25

Buoyancy

Answer 25

variations in liquid pressure within a container produce an upward supporting force

Question 26

Viscosity

Answer 26

the force opposing a fluids flow and is similar to friction in solids

Question 27

Surface tension

Answer 27

forces a liquid to have the smallest possible surface area

Question 28

Capillary Action

Answer 28

the basis for blood samples obtained by use of a capillary tube

Question 29

Describe vaporization

Answer 29

liquid to vapor

Question 30

Absolute humidity

Answer 30

air that is fully saturated with water vapor

Question 31

Formula absolute humidity

Answer 31

AH = (mv/Va)

Question 32

Relative Humidity RH

Answer 32

when gas is not fully saturated, water vapor content can be expressed in relative terms ; ratio of its actual water vapor content to its saturated capacity at given temps

Question 33

RH formula

Answer 33

%RH = Content/ Saturated Capacity x 100

Question 34

Body humidity

Answer 34

The BH of a gas is the ration of its actual water vapor content to the water vapor capacity in saturated gas at body temp (37’c)

Question 35

Kinetic Activity

Answer 35

form of energy that an object or a particle has by reason of its motion

Question 36

Partial pressure

Answer 36

if a container filled with more than one gas, each gas exerts pressure

Question 37

Gas Pressure

Answer 37

name given to the force exerted by gas particles colliding with the wall of their container

Question 38

Boyle's Law

Answer 38

Volume of gas varies inversely with its pressure

Question 39

Charles' Law

Answer 39

Volume of gas varies directly with its temperature

Question 40

Daltons' Law

Answer 40

describes the relationship between the partial pressure and total pressure

Question 41

Effect of water vapor

Answer 41

trapping heat ; greenhouse effect

Question 42

Critical Temp and pressure for oxygen

Answer 42

the highest temperature at which it can exist as a liquid;

Question 43

Flow patterns (4)

Answer 43

laminar, turbulent, transitional and venturi

Question 44

Laminar flow

Answer 44

concentric layers of fluid flowing parallel to the tube wall at velocities that increase towards the center ; looks like not moving since it is flowing

Question 45

turbulent flow

Answer 45

irregular current in a chaotic pattern ( like a tornado coming out)

Question 46

transitional flow

Answer 46

a mixture of laminar and turbulent flows . flow in respiratory tract is mainly transitional

Question 47

venturi effect

Answer 47

fast moving air creates a low pressure area that pulls more area into it