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Computer Information Systems > Chapter 6 > Flashcards

Chapter 6 Flashcards

1
Q

Internet backbone

A

Network of high-capacity routers and fiber-optic communications links that provides the main routes for data traffic across the Internet

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2
Q

NSP

A

Network service provider; Maintain backbone links and routers

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3
Q

Network access points

A

Tie together NSP equipment and links

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4
Q

ISP

A

Internet service provider; offers Internet access to individuals, businesses, and smaller ISPs

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5
Q

Modem

A

Contains circuitry that converts the data-carrying signals from your computer to signals that can travel over various communications channels

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6
Q

TCP

A

Transmission Control Protocol; Creates packets and exchanges packets of data

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7
Q

IP

A

Internet Protocol; Provides devices with unique addresses

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8
Q

HTTP

A

Hypertext Transfer Protocol; Exchanges information over the Web

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9
Q

FTP

A

File Transfer Protocol; Transfers files between local and remote host computers

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10
Q

VoIP

A

Voice over Internet Protocol; Transmits voice conversations over the Internet

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11
Q

TCP/IP

A

Primary protocol suite responsible for message transmission on the Intenet

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12
Q

Protocol suite

A

Combination of protocols that work together

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13
Q

Static IP address

A

Permanently assigned IP address

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14
Q

Dynamic IP address

A

Temporarily assigned IP address

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15
Q

Always-on connection

A

Linked to your ISP and is online whenever your computer and modem are on, even if you are not actively accessing the Internet

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16
Q

FQDN

A

Fully qualified domain name, also known as a domain name

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17
Q

Domain name

A

Part of the addresses for servers that handle e-mail and Web sites

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18
Q

Top-level domain

A

The extension at the end of a domain name

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19
Q

Domain Name System (DNS)

A

A huge database in which every unique IP address corresponding to a domain name has been entered

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20
Q

DNS cache poisoning

A

When a domain name server is hacked and directs Internet users to a wrong or malicious Web site

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21
Q

ICANN

A

Internet Corporation for Assigned Names and Numbers; Recognized as the global organization that coordinates technical management of the Internet’s Domain Name System

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22
Q

Latency

A

The elapsed time for data to make a round trip from point A to point B and back to point A

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23
Q

Ping

A

Packet Internet Groper; Sends a signal to a specific Internet address and waits for a reply

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24
Q

Traceroute

A

Utility that records a packet’s path in addition to its round-trip speed

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25
Q

Upstream speed

A

Rate of data that is uploaded from your computer to the Internet

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26
Q

Downstream speed

A

Rate of data downloaded to your computer

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27
Q

Asymmetric Internet connection

A

When upstream speeds differ from downstream speeds

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28
Q

Symmetric Internet connection

A

When upstream and downstream speeds are the same

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29
Q

Fixed Internet access

A

Links your computer to an ISP from a stationary point, such as a wall socket or roof-mounted antenna

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30
Q

Portable Internet access

A

Allows you to easily move your access device, as in the case of vehicle-mounted satellite dishes that can be deployed when the vehicle is parked

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31
Q

Mobile Internet access

A

Allows you to use the Internet as you are on the go, such as using a cell phone to collect your e-mail while you are traveling by train

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32
Q

Dial-up connection

A

A fixed internet connection that uses a voiceband modem and telephone lines to transport data between your computer and your ISP

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33
Q

Voiceband modem

A

(Modem) Converts the signals from your computer into audible analog signals that can travel over telephone lines

34
Q

DSL

A

Digital subscriber line; A high-speed, digital, always-on, Internet access technology that runs over standard phone lines

35
Q

DSL modem

A

A device that connects a computer to a telephone line and converts computer data signals into signals compatible with DSL

36
Q

DSL filter

A

Prevents voiceband signals from interfering with DSL signals

37
Q

Cable Internet service

A

A means of distributing always-on broadband Internet access over the same infrastructure that offers cable television service

38
Q

Cable modem

A

Converts your computer’s signal into one that can travel over the CATV network

39
Q

DOCSIS

A

Data Over Cable Service Interface Specification; Data transport technology that includes security filters

40
Q

Satellite Internet service

A

Means of distributing always-on, high-speed asymmetric Internet access by broadcasting signals to and from a personal satellite dish

41
Q

Satellite modem

A

A device that modulates that data signals from a computer into a frequency band that can be carried to the satellite dish, where it is converted to another frequency, amplified, and transmitted

42
Q

Fixed wireless Internet service

A

(Wireless broadband service) Designed to offer Internet access to homes and businesses by broadcasting data signals over areas large enough to cover most cities and outlying areas

43
Q

WiMAX

A

(Worldwide Interoperability for Microwave Access) An Ethernet-compatible network standard that offers an alternative to wired technologies

44
Q

Wi-Fi hotspot

A

An area in which the public can access a Wi-Fi network that offers Internet service

45
Q

1G

A

Analog; few features beyond voice communications

46
Q

2G

A

Digital; Support for basic data transport in the form of text messages; Sending data required voiceband modem

47
Q

3G

A

Support digital transmission for both voice and data

48
Q

4G

A

Next step forward in mobile technology; Very fast

49
Q

WAP

A

(Wireless Application Protocol) Communications protocol that provides Internet access from handheld devices, such as cell phones

50
Q

Mobile broadband

A

Data services offered by cellular service providers for the real Internet (instead of WAP)

51
Q

MiFi

A

Brand name for a compact, mobile, wireless router

52
Q

Tethering

A

Ability to serve as a Wi-Fi hotspot (some cell phones)

53
Q

Software as a service (SaaS)

A

Refers to a model in which consumers access applications from a cloud provider over the Internet, usually by using a browser

54
Q

Real-time messaging system

A

Allows people to exchange short messages while they are online

55
Q

Instant messaging (IM)

A

One-on-one messaging

56
Q

Chat

A

Group communications

57
Q

VoIP

A

(Voice over Internet Protocol) Technology in which a broadband Internet connection is used to place telephone calls instead of the regular phone system

58
Q

Jitter

A

Measures the variability of packet latency

59
Q

Packet loss

A

Refers to data that never reaches its destination or gets discarded because it arrives too late to be of any use

60
Q

Synchronous communications

A

A system of communication in which the people communicating have to be online at the same time and the conversation happens in real time (IM, chat)

61
Q

Asynchronous communications

A

One person posts a message using the Internet that can be read later by the recipients or public (Forums, wikis, blogs, tweets)

62
Q

Internet forum

A

Web-based online discussion site where participants post comments to discussion threads

63
Q

Wiki

A

Allows participants to modify posted material

64
Q

Blog

A

Short for Web log; Similar to an online diary

65
Q

Tweet

A

A short message of 140 characters or less that is posted to the Twitter Web site

66
Q

Grid computing system

A

A network of computer harnessed together to perform processing tasks

67
Q

FTP

A

File Transfer Protocol; Provides a way to transfer files from one computer to another over any TCP/IP network, such as a LAN or the Internet

68
Q

FTP server

A

Resides on a computer containing files that remote users might want to access

69
Q

FTP client

A

Offers an easy-to-use interface for accessing FTP servers

70
Q

Anonymous FTP

A

Can be accessed by logging in without a password by using the user ID “anonymous”

71
Q

P2P file sharing

A

Also known as “file sharing”; Allows users to obtain files from other users located anywhere on the Internet

72
Q

BitTorrent

A

A file sharing protocol that distributes the role of a file server across a collection of dispersed computers

73
Q

Intrusion

A

Any access to data or programs by hackers, criminals, or other unauthorized persons

74
Q

Communications port

A

Doorway that allows a computer to exchange data with other devices

75
Q

Port probe

A

(Port scan) The use of automated software to locate computers that have open ports and are vulnerable to unauthorized access

76
Q

Firewall

A

Software or hardware designed to filter out suspicious packets attempting to enter or leave a computer

77
Q

Routable IP address

A

One that can be accessed by packets on the Internet

78
Q

Private IP address

A

A non-routable IP address that can be used within a LAN, but not for Internet data transport

79
Q

Network address translation (NAT)

A

The process your router uses to keep track of packets and their corresponding private or public IP addresses

80
Q

Virtual private network (VPN)

A

Offers security for that data that is transmitted from public Wi-Fi hotspots

Computer Information Systems (8 decks)

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