Chapter 6 Flashcards Preview

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Flashcards in Chapter 6 Deck (34)
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1
Q

Before a cell divides, it makes a copy of its genes during

A

interphase

2
Q

The two stages of cell division are

A

mitosis and cytokinesis

3
Q

When all the genes of a chromosome have duplicated but are still attached, the structures that are formed are called

A

sister chromatids

4
Q

In mitosis the chromosomes are lined up at the center of the spindle during

A

metaphase

5
Q

Asexual reproduction is reproduction by

A

mitotic cell division

6
Q

A cell surrounded by a protective covering is a

A

spore

7
Q

by what process does sexual reproduction copy genetic information?

A

meiosis

8
Q

The new cell that forms from the union of two gametes is called

A

a zygote

9
Q

A cell or an organism that has two of each kind of its chromosomes is

A

diploid

10
Q

Three examples of nucleotides are

A

phosphate, sugar, base

11
Q

The four bases in a DNA molecule are

A

adenine, guanine, cytosine, thymine

12
Q

Genes are sections of

A

DNA

13
Q
Which of following never contains the code for the sequence of amino acids needed to manufacture a protein?
mRNA
tRNA
DNA
chromosome
A

tRNA

14
Q

What carries the genetic code from the DNA to the ribosomes?

A

messenger RNA

15
Q

True or False

Cytokinesis is the division of a cell’s cytoplasm and organelles.

A

True

16
Q

True or False
During cell division it is important that each new cell get exactly the same amount of cytoplasm and the same number of organelles

A

False

17
Q

True or False

The cells of human skin may go through mitotic cell division several times a day

A

True

18
Q

True or False

Regeneration takes place through the process of cell division

A

True

19
Q

True or False

An organism can reproduce sexually or asexually but not both

A

False

20
Q

True or False

Watson and Crick worked out a model of DNA

A

True

21
Q

True or False

In the DNA molecule, adenine always pairs with thymine.

A

True

22
Q

True or False

RNA is a double-sided chain that looks something like a twisted ladder.

A

False

23
Q

True or False

In the RNA molecule, uracil always pairs with cytosine

A

False

24
Q

True or False

Protein synthesis occurs at ribosomes

A

True

25
Q

List the four phases of mitosis in the order in which they occur

A

prophase, metaphase, anaphase, telophase

26
Q

What do oncologists research?

A

cancer

27
Q

How many cells are present at the end of meiosis?

A

four

28
Q

Be able to label images of the following phases of mitosis (anaphase, prophase and telophase)

A

see page 81

29
Q

Be able to label the spindle and the chromatids in images of mitosis

A

see page 81

30
Q

A group of three nucleotides

A

codon

31
Q

the basic unit of DNA and RNA, consisting of a sugar, a phosphate, and a base

A

nucleotide

32
Q

the process of forming two DNA molecules from one

A

replication

33
Q

the process of forming mRNA from DNA

A

transcription

34
Q

the process of putting amino acids together in a specific sequence

A

protein synthesis