Chapter 6 Lathom-Radocy Flashcards
What is the procedure Music Therapists use to plan music therapy services?
- determine the client’s strengths, weaknesses, problems and areas of need; 2. setting goals and objectives; 3. planning music-based intervention strategies to help the client reach these goals and objectives; 4. implementing treatment procedures; 5. documenting progress and responses; and 6. termination with a summary of progress and level of functioning at the time of termination
How does the music therapy process begin?
With a referral. A referral can come from many different sources: members of an interdisciplinary treatment team, other professionals, other music therapists, the client’s family, parents, gaurdians, or advocates. They can be initiated by potential clients.
What is the assessment process?
MT seeks to gather as much background information about the client as possible. This can be achieved through 1. reviewing the client’s developmental, personal, social, and medical history 2. interviewing the client or the client’s family members, caregivers, or gaurdians 3. by observing the client in various situations, 4. by discussing the clients needs with other member of the treatment team; 5. by engaging or observing the client participating in music experiences that give some indication of the clients responses to and preferences for virus types of music experiences and music materials as well as the clients level of motor, social, auditory, communication, and musical skills.
How does an MT set goals and objectives for Music Therapy?
After assessment, therapist works with client and treatment team to develop goals and objectives. Broad goals use infinitive phrases: “to increase positive interactions with other group members”, “to improve receptive language skills”, “to increase reality orientation”, “to maintain range of motion in upper extremities” Objectives are the step by step procedures that help reach the goal. These are specific such as, “grasping a maraca”, “sing at the same tempo as the group” etc.
How does a MT plan music-based intervention strategies?
Consider factors: a) how music will function to help the client meet the goals and objectives, b) what types of music experiences and musical materials will be used, c) if the intervention procedures will incorporate any specific therapeutic or educational strategies, d) any environmental or structural factors that may affect the activity or the client’s response.
How does music function?
As a carrier of information, a reinforcer, as a background for learning, as a physical structure for the learning activity, and as a reflection of skills or processes to be learned.
What is different in individual treatment and group treatment?
Individual music therapy treatment is a one-to-one relationship between therapist and client. Individual treatment affords a more intensive and in-depth experience to both client and therapist. Group music therapy allows more clients to receive services at one time; and is more cost-effective.
What are causes of intellectual disability?
Organic biological factors, environmental factors, or a combination of the two.
What are some prenatal factors that can cause intellectual disabilities?
chromosomal disorders, various syndrome disorders, inborn metabolic errors, developmental defects in brain formation, or influences of malnutrition, drugs or toxins, maternal diseases, or irradiation during pregnancy.
What are some perinatal factors that can cause intellectual disabilities?
Placental insufficiency, abnormal labor or delivery, neonatal hemorrhages, seizures, respiratory disorders, infections, head trauma, or metabolic or nutritional disorders.
What are postnatal causes that can cause intellectual disabilities?
head injuries, various infections, demyelinating disorders, degenerative syndromes or disorders, seizure disorders, toxic or metabolic disorders, malnutrition, or environmental deprivation due to psychosocial disadvantage, child abuse or neglect, or chronic social/sensory deprivation.
What is etiology?
The cause, set of causes, or manner of causation of a disease or condition.
What is demyelinating?
Any condition that causes damage to the protective covering that surrounds nerve fibers in your brain.
What classification systems are used for defining Intellectual Disabilities?
DSM-V (2013) guidelines, NOT IQ Tests. Severity of intellectual disability is now defined on the basis of adaptive functioning, including conceptual, social, and practical domains. Level of functioning is the critical measure of intellectual disability.
Is Intellectual Disability a trait?
No - it is a state in which functioning is impaired in certain specific ways.
