Absolute Zero
The temperature at which no further engery can be taken from a system
Entropy
The measure of energy dispersal of a system.
Whenever energy freely transforms from one form to another, the direction of transofrmation is toward a state of greater disorder and therefore, towards one of greater entropy.
First Law of Thermodynamics
Heat lost (in a system) = heat gained
Heat
Thermal energy transfer from an object/material with higher temp to an object/material with lower temp
Commonly measures in calories or joules
Second Law of Thermodynamics
In thermo rxns involving different temps, the hot temp goes towards the cold (never the other way around) because entropy ;o)
Specific Heat (Capacity)
Amt of heat/energy rewquire to change 1 gram (or 1 mass unit) of a substance by 1 degree
Temperature
Measure of hotness of a substance r/t the avg translational kinetic energy per molecule of a substance
Measured in celsius, fahrenheit or kelvin
Thermal Energy
Sum of total energy in a smaple;
Total energy (kinetic + potential) of the particles that make up a substance
Thermodynamics
Study of thermal energy and its relations to heat and work
Third Law of Thermodynamics
No system can reach absolute zero