encoding
transforming info into a form that can be stored in memory
information processing theory
structure for studying memory
that uses a computer as a model
of human cognitive process
storage
process of keeping&maintaing Info in memory
retrieval
process of bringing info to the mind that has been stored in the memory
memory
process of:
- encoding
- storage
- retrieval of information
sensory memory
memory system that holds info from the senses for about 1min to 2.
eidetic imagery
ability to retain an image of visual stimulus for several mins after it’s be removed from sight.
*use retained image to answer ?’s about visual stimulus
short term memory
component of memory system
holds about 7( from 5 to 9) items less than 30 secs without rehearsal
*also called working mem.
Displacement
event that happens when short term memory is filled to it’s capacity
-each new incoming item pushes out and existing item causing to forget it
chunking
memory strategy to (group/organize)
bits of info into large units to remember easier
rehearsal
act of purposely repeating info to maintain in short term memory
working memory
memory subsystem used to:
- understand info
- Remember info
- used to solve problems and communicate with people
maintenance rehearsal
repeating info multiple times until it’s not needed ;may lead to storage of info into long term memory
elaborative rehearsal
memory strategy of relating new information to something that is already known
levels of processing model
memory model that describes
-maintenance rehearsal as “shallow” processing
-elaborative rehearsal as “deep”
processing
automaticity
ability to recall info from long term memory without effort
long term memory
memory system with unlimited capacity that contains a lot of storage of a persons permanent memories
declarative memory
subsystem within long term mem. stores:
- facts
- info
- personal life events
that can be brought to mind verbally or form of images and then declared /stated
episodic memory
type of declarative memory :
records events as they have subjectively been experienced
semantic memory
type of declarative memory:
stores general knowledge or objective facts and info.
nondeclarative memory
subsystem within long term memory that stores:
- motor skills
- habits
- simple classical responses
recall
memory task where a person produce required info by searching memory
retrieval cue
any stimulus or bit of info that helps retrieving specific info from long term memory
recognition
Memory task where a person must identify material as familiar or of having been encountered before