Chapter 7:

Question 1

What is a literature review?

Answer 1

written summary of the state of evidence on a research problem.

Question 2

is a literature review a stand alone article or a section of a research study?

Answer 2

can be either!

Question 3

What does a literature review seek to gather?

Answer 3

a significant amount of data on a topic

Question 4

when does qualitative study have literature review?

Answer 4

might occur after the study has started or once the researchers have identified themes or theories.

Question 5

what is a primary research article?

Answer 5

written by the person who conducted the research study

Question 6

what is a secondary source?

Answer 6

describes research studies written by someone els

Question 7

is a literature review a primary or secondary source?

Answer 7

secondary research

Question 8

what kind of things do not belong in a literature review?

Answer 8

Opinion articles, case reports, and clinical anecdotes are non-research-based sources

Question 9

literature review task flow

Answer 9

• Figure out a topic and develop primary and secondary questions
• Device search strategy
• Screen the sources for relevance or appropriateness.
• Discard articles that are not applicable.
• If an article is good, check its reference section, it may have some articles that can be reviewed as well

Question 10

what is a keyword?

Answer 10

word or phrase that captures key concepts in your question. The I and O components of the PICO question.

Question 11

When you are beginning the search for a topic you might start with just a ______ to see what interventions show up before diving deeper.

Answer 11

P in PICO

Question 12

what is a Boolean operator?

Answer 12

use the words “and,” “or,” and “not” to filter results to be more applicable.

• For example, if you wanted to find a study that had falls related to exercise. Click on Boolean phrases in advanced search and type falls and exercise. That will limit results to articles that have both words.
  Or: accepts sources that have either word.
  Not: not will refuse any sources with the second word. For instance, if you wanted to look for articles on falls that did not discuss medications you could search fall not medications.

Question 13

how do quotation marks influence a search

Answer 13

If you search for the words fall prevention, the titles of the articles may have the words together or may have them separates. Using quotation marks forces the search to find the two words together. “Fall Prevention” will yield articles with those words together.

Question 14

What is screening? How do you do it?

Answer 14

done through reading the abstract of an article to see if its relevant.
-look at the full text

It is important to be able to obtain a full-text version of the article. The abstract alone is not enough information to cite it in a literature review.

Question 15

What is documentation in relation to literature review? what is the goal?

Answer 15

large-scale literature reviews in which you might review up to 100 articles for relevance.
- It focuses on how the search was completed. What limits were applied, what key words were used?

-The goal is to prevent you from reviewing the same articles when a second literature search is performed.

Question 16

What is abstracting?

Answer 16

method to keep track of the articles themselves. A table or word document can be used for this purpose.

Question 17

What should you see in a literature review?

Answer 17

A literature review is objective, unbiased, and it should be pure paraphrasing.

Question 18

does literature review need to thoroughly discuss each article on its refernce list?

Answer 18

no

Question 19

The only “opinion” in a literature review is….

Answer 19

when the researchers discuss the quality of an article.

Question 20

What is primary research?
A) A study conducted by one researcher
B) Research described by the person who performed the study
C) Exploring a topic focused on primary care
D) A study with one research goal

Answer 20

Answer: B, research described by the person who performed the study.

There is not formal terms to describe a study with one researcher, a topic for primary care, or a study with one research goal. Primary research refers to the article being written by the same person who conducted the study.

Question 21

What type of research is a literature review?
A) Ethnographic 
B) Secondary
C) Clinical Trial
D) Quality Improvement

Answer 21

Answer: B, secondary

A literature review focuses on the results of studies completed by other researchers and is a secondary type of research. A literature review will be present in each of the other study types listed.

Question 22

What is the purpose of using quotation marks in a literature search? To locate articles:
A) that contain quotes related to the words in quotes
B) that have an audio-recorded version of the article
C) without the words included in the quotes
D) with titles that have the words together in the title

Answer 22

Answer: D, to locate articles with titles that have the words together in the title.

There is not a search option to find articles that have specific quotes in them or that have audio-recorded versions of the article. A Boolean operator “not” can be used to find articles without specified words.

Question 23

What section of the article is used to screen for relevance?
A) Abstract
B) Methods
C) Results
D) Conclusion

Answer 23

Answer A, abstract

To screen an article or to determine if it needs to be read further, the abstract is the best place to start. The other sections are important as part of the review once it has passed screening.

Question 24

What is the purpose for a literature review?
A) to justify the references used for the study
B) give readers an understanding of the contents of the study
C) synthesize research evidence on a topic
D) review articles to determine if they should be published

Answer 24

Answer: C, synthesize research evidence on a topic.

A literature review is an objective synthesis of evidence on a particular topic. It may talk specifically about one or a few articles, but largely it provides a citation for articles. The abstract is used to give readers an understanding of the contents of the study. Peer-reviewing is part of a process to determine if an article is able to be published. A literature review is conducted on studies already published.