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Anatomy And Phys > Chapter 7 > Flashcards

Chapter 7 Flashcards

1
Q

Types of bones

A

Short bones
Flat bones
Irregular bones
Sesamoid bones
Sutural bones

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2
Q

Short bones

A

Cube shaped
Spongy bone tissue surrounded by thin layer of compact bone

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3
Q

Flat bone

A

Two thin parallel plates of compact bone tissue enclosing spongy bone tissue
Protection and area for muscle attachment

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4
Q

Irregular bone

A

Complex shape and cannot be grouped into any other category
Varying amount of spongy and compact bone

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5
Q

Sesamoid

A

Develop in certain tendons where lord of friction, tension and physical stress

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6
Q

Sutural bones

A

Classified by location rather than shape
Located in sutures between cranial bones

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7
Q

Bone surface markings

A

Characteristic structural features for specific function
Develop due to force

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8
Q

Depression and opening

A

Allow passage of soft tissue or formation of joints

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9
Q

Processes

A

Projections or outgrowth on bone that form joints or attachment point for connective tissues like tendons and ligaments

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10
Q

Types of depressions

A

Fissure
Foramen
Fossa
Sulcus
Meatus

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11
Q

Types of processes that form joints

A

Condyle
Facet
Head

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12
Q

Types of processes that form points for connective tissue

A

Crest
Epicondyle
Line
Spinous process
Trochanter
Tubercle
Tuberosity

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13
Q

Fissure

A

Narrow slit between adjacent parts of bones through which blood vessels or nerve pass

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14
Q

Foramen

A

Opening through which blood vessels, nerves, or ligaments pass

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15
Q

Fossa

A

Shallow depression

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16
Q

Sulcus

A

Furrow along bone surface that accommodates blood vessel, nerve or tendon

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17
Q

Meatus

A

Tubelike opening

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18
Q

Condyle

A

Large, round protuberance with smooth articular surface at end of bone

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19
Q

Facet

A

Smooth, flat, slightly concave or convex articular surface

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20
Q

Head

A

Usually rounded articular projection supported on neck of bone

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21
Q

Crest

A

Prominent ridge or elongated projection

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22
Q

Epicondyle

A

Typically roughened projection above condyle

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23
Q

Line

A

Long, narrow ridge or border (less prominent than crest)

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24
Q

Spinous process

A

Sharp, slender projection

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25
Q

Trochanter

A

Very large projection

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26
Q

Tubercle

A

Variable sized rounded projection

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27
Q

Tuberosity

A

Variably sized projection that had a rough, bumpy surface

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28
Q

Cranial bones

A

Form cranial cavity
Encloses and protects brain

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29
Q

8 cranial bones

A

Frontal
2 parietal
2temporal
Occipital
Sphenoid
Ethmoid

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30
Q

Bones that make up face

A

2 nasal
2 maxilla
2 zygomatic
Mandible
2 lacrimal
2 palatines
2 inferior nasal conchae
Vomer

31
Q

Frontal Bone

A

Forms forehead
Roof of orbits
Most of anterior cranial floor

32
Q

Parietal bones

A

Two bones that form greater portion of sides and roof of cranial cavity

33
Q

Temporal bones

A

2 bones that form inferior lateral aspects of cranium and cranial floor

34
Q

Temporal squama

A

Thin flat part of temporal bone that is the temple

35
Q

Zygomatic process

A

Projects form inferior portion of temporal squama
it forms a joint with temporal process of zygomatic bone

36
Q

Zygomatic arch

A

Formed by the zygomatic process of temporal bone and temporal process of the zygomatic bone

37
Q

Mandibular fossa

A

Socket located on inferior posterior surface of zygomatic process

38
Q

Temporomandibular joint

A

Formed by mandibular fossa and articular tubercle articulating with mandible

39
Q

Mastoid portion

A

Temporal bone
Posterior and inferior to ear canal

40
Q

Mastoid process

A

Rounded projection of mastoid portion of the temporal bone posterior and inferior to ear canal
Attachment for some neck muscles

41
Q

Internal auditory meatus

A

Opening where facial and vestibulochlear nerves pass

42
Q

Petrous portion

A

Temporal bone
On floor of cranial cavity
Has internal and middle ear

43
Q

Occipital bone

A

Forms posterior part and most of the base of the skull

44
Q

Foramen magnum

A

Located in inferior part of occipital bone
Medulla oblongata connects to spinal cord

45
Q

Occipital condyles

A

Oval processes on either side of Foramen magnum
Form arlanto occipital joint

46
Q

External occipital protuberance

A

Prominent midline projection just above foramenmagnum

47
Q

Sphenoid bone

A

Lies at middle part of the base of skull
Articulates with all other cranial bones

48
Q

Sella turcica

A

Sphenoid bone
Saddle shaped structure on superior surface of the body of the sphenoid

49
Q

Hypophyseal fossa

A

Depression in seat of saddle
Contains pituitary gland

50
Q

Ethmoid bone

A

Delicate bone located in anterior part of cranial floor medial to orbits
Spongelike in appearance

51
Q

Nasal septum

A

Partition that divides the nasal cavity into right and left sides

52
Q

Nasal bone

A

Pair of bones
Make up bones that form bridge of nose
Protect upper entry of nasal cavity and attachment for some muscles

53
Q

Lacrimal bone

A

Paired
Smallest bones in face
Lacrimal fossa that contains lacrimal sac

54
Q

Palatine Bones

A

Two L shaped bones
Makes up posterior portion of hard palate by the horizontal plates of this bone

55
Q

Inferior Nasal conchae

A

Two
Three pairs of nasal conchea that increase surface area of nasal cavity

56
Q

Vomer

A

Triangular bone on floor of nasal cavity
Forms inferior portion of bony nasal septum

57
Q

Maxillae

A

2 bones that unite to form the upper jaw bone
Articulate with every bone of the face except mandible

58
Q

Hard palate

A

Bony roof of the mouth that separates nasal and oral cavity
Formed by palatine process of maxillae and horizontal plates of the palatine bone

59
Q

Alveolar process

A

Ridge like arch that contains the sockets for upper teeth

60
Q

Infraorbital foramen

A

Opening in maxilla inferior to orbit
Passage for Infrorbital blood vessel and nerve

61
Q

Zygomatic bone

A

Two bones called cheek bones
Prominence of cheek
Articulate with frontal, maxilla, sphenoid and temporal bones

62
Q

Zygomatic arch

A

Formed by Temporal process of zygomatic bone projecting posteriorly and articulating with zygomatic process

63
Q

Mandible

A

Lower jaw bone and largest, strongest facial bone

64
Q

Temporomandibular joint mandible view

A

Condylar process of ramus articulated with mandibular fossa and articulate tubercle of temporal bone

65
Q

Mandibular notch

A

Depression between coronoid and condylar process

66
Q

Three components of the nasal septum

A

Vomer, septal cartilage and perpendicular plate of ethmoid bone

67
Q

Sutures

A

Immovable joint that holds skull bones together

68
Q

Coronal sutures

A

Unites frontal and parietal bone

69
Q

Sagittal sutures

A

Unites the two parietal bones on superior midline of skull

70
Q

Lambdoid suture

A

Unities the two parietal bones to occipital bone

71
Q

Squamous sutures

A

Two of them
Unite parietal and temporal bones on lateral aspect of the skull

72
Q

Paranasal Sinuses

A

Cavities within certain cranial and facial bones near nasal cavity
Increase the surface area of nasal mucosa which increase mucus and moistens and cleanses inhaled air

73
Q

Fontanels

A

Soft spots
Incompletely developed cranial bones
Areas where unossified mesenchymes develop into dense connective tissue of the skull

74
Q

Hyoid bone

A

Single bone that is not articulated to any other bone

Anatomy And Phys (12 decks)

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