Chapter 7

Question 1

Definition of prevention/preventive aids

Answer 1

chemicals, devices, or procedures that reduce or eliminate disease or tooth destruction in the oral cavity

Question 2

Definition of fluoride

Answer 2

naturally occurring mineral that helps protect tooth structure from dental caries

Question 3

Definition of fluorosis

Answer 3

enamel condition caused by consumption of excessive levels of fluoride

Question 4

Definition of demineralization

Answer 4

action that removes mineral from the tooth, usually caused by acids

Question 5

Definition of dental caries

Answer 5

disease process whereby bacteria in plaque metabolize carbohydrates and produce acids that remove mineral from teeth and permit bacteria to invade the tooth and do further damage

Question 6

Definition of fluorapatite

Answer 6

tooth mineral that results when fluoride is incorporated into the tooth

Question 7

Definition of cariogenic

Answer 7

substances or microorganisms that promote dental caries

Question 8

Definition of erosion

Answer 8

loss of tooth mineral caused by dietary or gastric acids, not by bacterial metabolism (caries process)

Question 9

Definition of antibacterial mouth rinse

Answer 9

liquid used to rinse the oral cavity to reduce or suppress bacteria associated with dental caries or periodontal disease

Question 10

Definition of substantivity

Answer 10

property of a material to have a prolonged therapeutic effect after its initial use

Question 11

Definition of over-the-counter

Answer 11

available in retail or drug stores without a doctor’s prescription

Question 12

Definition of sealant

Answer 12

protective resin that is bonded to enamel to protect pits and fissures from dental caries

Question 13

Definition of desensitizing agent

Answer 13

chemical that seals open dentinal tubules in order to reduce tooth sensitivity to air, sweets, and temperature changes

Question 14

Definition of mouth guard

Answer 14

hard or pliable material that protects teeth from trauma during sports activities or as the result of teeth grinding

Question 15

Definition of custom-made

Answer 15

made specifically to fit one individual

Question 16

Definition of bleaching

Answer 16

cosmetic process that uses chemicals to remove discolorations from teeth or to lighten them

Question 17

Definition of extrinsic stains

Answer 17

stains occurring on the tooth surface

Question 18

Definition of intrinsic stains

Answer 18

stains that are incorporated into the tooth structure, usually during the tooth’s development

Question 19

What are the common brands of 12,3000 ppm fluoride

Answer 19

in-office treatment
1.23% APF gel or foam
minute-foam and nupro APF gel (dentsply)
topex (sultan healthcare)
denti-care gel (medicom)
twice a year

Question 20

What are the precautions of 12,300 ppm fluoride

Answer 20

gastrointestinal upset, vomiting if swallowed; may etch esthetic restorations, not for children younger than age 3

Question 21

What are the common brands of 2.0 NaF 9,000 ppm fluoride?

Answer 21

in-office treatment
neutra-foam (oral-b)
nuproneutral (dentsply)
denti-foam (medicom)
topex neutral (sultan healthcare)
twice a year

Question 22

What are the precautions of 9,000 ppm fluoride?

Answer 22

gastrointestinal upset, vomiting if swallowed; not for children younger than age 3

Question 23

What are the common brands of 1.1% NaF gel or toothpaste 5,000 ppm fluoride?

Answer 23

daily at home use
prevident (colgate)
neutracare (oral-b)
denti-care gel (medicom)
fluoridex (discus dental)
topex (sultan healthcare)
gel-kam (colgate)

Question 24

What are the precautions of 1.1 % NaF gel ?

Answer 24

not for children younger than age 6

Question 25

What are the common brands of 0.4% SnF2 gel of 900 ppm fluoride?

Answer 25

``` daily at home use gel-kam (colgate) stop (oral b) denti-care gel (medicom) perio plus (discus dental) topex (sultan healthcare) ```

Question 26

What are the precautions of 0.4 SnF2 gel?

Answer 26

may cause surface staining of teeth; not for children younger than age 6

Question 27

What are the common brands of 0.2% NaF 900 ppm rinse?

Answer 27

weekly fluorinse (oral-b) prevident dental rinse (colgate) nupro fluoride rinse (dentsply)

Question 28

What are the common brands of 0.05 % NaF 250 ppm rinse?

Answer 28

over-the-counter home use; daily ACT (Johnson & Johnson) Fluorigard (colgate)

Question 29

What are the precautions of 0.05% NaF 250 ppm rinse?

Answer 29

not for children younger than age 6

Question 30

What are the common brands of toothpaste 0.24% NaF 1,100 ppm?

Answer 30

numerous brands and manufacturers daily over-the-counter home use not for children younger than age 6

Question 31

What are the common brands of toothpaste 0.8% MFP 1,000 ppm?

Answer 31

numerous brands daily over-the-counter home use pea-sized amount with children younger than age 6

Question 32

What is the color of an extrinsic stain from poor oral hygiene?

Answer 32

yellow brown green black

Question 33

What is the color of an extrinsic stain from coffee, tea, foods?

Answer 33

brown to black

Question 34

What is the color of an extrinsic stain from tobacco products

Answer 34

yellow-brown to black

Question 35

What is the color of a tetracycline intrinsic stain?

Answer 35

brown, gray, black bands

Question 36

What is the color of a fluoride intrinsic stain?

Answer 36

white, brown sports or bands

Question 37

What is the color of a minocycline intrinsic stain?

Answer 37

brown, gray

Question 38

What is the color of a blood disorder intrinsic stain?

Answer 38

red, brown, purple

Question 39

What is the color of a trauma intrinsic stain?

Answer 39

blue, black, brown

Question 40

What is the color of an intrinsic pulp canal obliteration stain?

Answer 40

yellow

Question 41

What is the color of an intrinsic pulp necrosis with hemorrhage stain?

Answer 41

gray, black

Question 42

What is the color of an intrinsic pulp necrosis without hemorrhage stain?

Answer 42

yellow, gray-brown

Question 43

What is the color of an intrinsic trauma during pulp extirpation stain?

Answer 43

gray, black

Question 44

What is the color of an intrinsic tissue remnants in the pulp chamber stain?

Answer 44

brown, gray, black

Question 45

What is the color of an intrinsic restorative dental material stain?

Answer 45

brown, gray, black

Question 46

What is the color of an intrinsic endodontic materials stain stain?

Answer 46

gray, black

Question 47

What is the color of a fluorosis intrinsic/extrinsic stain?

Answer 47

white, brown

Question 48

What is the color of an aging intrinsic/extrinsic stain?

Answer 48

yellow

Question 49

What is the pH at which a tooth mineral dissolves?

Answer 49

5.5

Question 50

True or False When mineral is converted to fluorapatite the pH is lowered to 4.5

Answer 50

true

Question 51

True or False Fluoride interferes with essential enzyme activity of bacteria

Answer 51

True (because it travels in the form of hydrofluoric acid)

Question 52

Which fluoride is most used with children

Answer 52

APF (because it contains 12,300 ppm fluoride)

Question 53

What does 2% neutral sodium fluoride contain?

Answer 53

9,000 ppm fluoride (used most often with adults)

Question 54

stannous fluoride gels are provided by prescription as 1.1 % neutral sodium fluoride

Answer 54

5,000 ppm fluoride or 0.4% stanous fluoride 900 ppm fluoride

Question 55

What is the concentration of fluoride in an OTC?

Answer 55

0.05% fluoride, 225 ppm

Question 56

What is the most common fluoride additive to prophy paste?

Answer 56

1.23 APF

Question 57

What is the lethal dose for a child weighing 20 pounds?

Answer 57

700 - 1500 mg of sodium fluoride

Question 58

True or False Sealants are unfilled or lightly filled resins used to seal pits and fissures

Answer 58

True

Question 59

True or False 44% of caries in primary teeth occur in pits and fissures of molars

Answer 59

True (molars are 3 - 4 times more likely than premolars to experience decay)

Question 60

True or False Second molars have a priority to sealing first

Answer 60

True

Question 61

True or False Lower molars have the highest risk of decay

Answer 61

True (50%)

Question 62

True or False Upper molars have the highest risk of decay

Answer 62

True (35-40%)

Question 63

What is the composition of resin sealants?

Answer 63

dimethylacrelate monomer/bisphenolaglycitol methacrelate bisgama or urethane dimethacrylic (UDMA)

Question 64

True or False Sealants containing no organic filler particles will wear faster than those that have filler particles added

Answer 64

True

Question 65

True or False Etched enamel begins remineralization after a 24 hour exposure to saliva by deposition of calcium phosphate salts

Answer 65

True

Question 66

True or False Most sealant failures occur within the first 3-6 months

Answer 66

True

Question 67

True Potassium depolarizes the nerves so it cannot fire and cause pain

Answer 67

True

Question 68

True or False Sports guards can absorb 80% of the energy from a traumatic hit to the mouth?

Answer 68

True

Question 69

True or False For heavy contact sports, a thickness of 4 mm is desirable

Answer 69

True (for less violent sports, thickness of 2 mm will suffice)