Chapter 7/8

Question 1

Adaptation

Answer 1

a characteristic that improve an individual ability to survive and reproduce in a particular environment

Question 2

Species

Answer 2

a group of organism that are closely related and can mate to produce fertile offspring

Question 3

Evolution

Answer 3

the processed in which inherited characteristics within a population change over generations such that a new species sometimes arise.

Question 4

Fossil

Answer 4

the trace of remains of an organism that lived long ago.

Question 5

Trait

Answer 5

a genetically determined characteristics

Question 6

Selective breeding

Answer 6

the human practice of breeding animals or plants that have certain desired traits

Question 7

Natural selection

Answer 7

the process by which individuals that are better adapted to their environment survied and reproductive more successful than less well adapted individual.

Question 8

Generation time

Answer 8

The period between the birth of one generation and the birth of the next generation

Question 9

Speciation

Answer 9

the formation of new species as a result of evolution

Question 10

Relative dating

Answer 10

any method of determining whether an event or object is older or younger than other events

Question 11

Absolute dating

Answer 11

any method of measuring the age of an object or event in years

Question 12

Geological time scale

Answer 12

the standard method used to divide the Earths long natural history into manageability parts

Question 13

Extinct

Answer 13

a species that has died out completely

Question 14

Plate tectonics

Answer 14

the theory that explains how large pieces of the earths outermost layer.

Question 15

Precambrian time

Answer 15

the period in the geological time scale from formation.

Question 16

Paleozoic era

Answer 16

the geology era that followed Precambrian time and that lasted from 542 million to 251 million yeRs ago

Question 17

Mesozoic era

Answer 17

the geologic era lasted from 251 million to 65.5 million years ago. Also called the age of reptile

Question 18

Cenozoic era

Answer 18

the most recent geologic era, beginning 65 million years ago, also known as Age of Mammals

Question 19

Hominid

Answer 19

a type of primate characterize by bipedalism realatvily long lower limbs and lack of a tail

Question 20

Homo spepion

Answer 20

the species of hominids that includes modern humans and their closet ansesters and that fires apered about 100,000 to 160,000 years ago

Question 21

Fossil record

Answer 21

A historical sequence of life indicated by fossils found in layers,of the earths crust