Chapter 7: Brain Areas, Locations, & Functions Flashcards
___ pairs of nerves. ___ cranial, (connect brain to periphery). ___ spinal nerves (connect spinal cord to periphery and exit at 3 levels: thoracic, lumbar, and sacral)
34; 12; 31
Sensory/afferents/to
carry info from body to CNS
Motor/efferent/away
carry info from CNS to body
Somatic
connects skin/muscle with CNS-voluntary
Visceral
connects viscera (organs- smooth muscle, cardiac glands) with CNS- involuntary
what nerves/spine parts: neck muscles and glands; sensory-neck, shoulders, arms, hands
8 cervical
What nerves/spine parts: chest and abdominal wall
12 thoracic
Hips and Legs
5 Lumbar
Tailbone
1 coccyx
Somatic motor overview
Voluntary, excitatory only, required for activity, all-or-none response, effector is skeletal muscle
Sympathetic/Parasympathetic Outflow
Involuntary, excitatory or inhibitory, modulate ongoing activity, graded responses, effector in smooth muscle.
Sympathetic path in spinal cord (preganglion) —> _____ –> postganglionic neurons —-> _____.
In contrast, the parasympathetic nuclei is generally located within in the brainstem, goes to ganglion, then to effector. Why?
Postganglion in sympathetic chain
Effectors
Parasympathetic nuclei are located in brainstem, because they are closer to effector
Autonomic Nervous System (ANS)
Visceral control
Pre/postganglionic neurons and fibers
Controlled by hypothalamus, brainstem
Parasympathetic Nervous System: R &R (blue color)
DECREASE HR, Cardiac artery diameter, bronchi diameter, pupil diameter
INCREASE systemic artery diameter, saliva and mucous secretion, gut activity, bladder tone
Sympathetic Nervous System: Fight or Flight (fear/anger)
INCREASE HR, Cardiac artery diameter, bronchi diameter, pupil diameter, sweat & adrenal gland activity , piloerector muscles
DECREASE: systemic artery diameter, saliva and mucous secretion, gut activity, bladder tone
