Chapter 7 Reading Risk

Question 1

Define Recognition-primed decision making (RPD)

Answer 1

A mental model that suggests that many quick decisions are made using mental templates from previous experiences that fit the images that you are currently witnessing

Question 2

Define Situational awareness (SA)

Answer 2

The degree of accuracy to which one’s perception of his or her current environment mirrors reality

Question 3

Define Valued property

Answer 3

Physical property whose loss will cause harm to the community

Question 4

Define Vicarious learning

Answer 4

The process of observing others to develop knowledge, skill, or experience base.

Question 5

What is the most important step in determining a risk profile?

Answer 5

Is it people or property

Question 6

Instead of being ______ aggressive we should be _______ aggressive

Answer 6

arbitrarily, intellectually

Question 7

Which NFPA standards specifically address risk management principles

Answer 7

1500, 1561, 1521

Question 8

What are the four brief statements to remember risk management principles

Answer 8

Risk a life to save a known life
perform in a predictable, practived manner to save an unknown life or valued pro
Take no risk to save whats lost
Default to a defensive strategy when risks are excessive or conditions deteriorate

Question 9

What is pure risk?

Answer 9

conditions present make it easy to classify the nfpa risk principle that is applicable

Question 10

What is speculative risks?

Answer 10

Risks that can lead to differing opinions as to which principle is appropriate

Question 11

What is the most important onscene decision an ISO has to make?

Answer 11

Risk taking acceptable or unacceptable within defined criteria

Question 12

What is an ISO value decision?

Answer 12

Whether the positive outcome of a specific task, strategy, or action is worth the risk of injury aka deciding risk/benefit

Question 13

What are the local risk-taking values?

Answer 13

Community expectations, department values and skills

Question 14

What has adverse effect of situational awareness

Answer 14

Insufficient communication
fatigue and stress
task overload
task underload
group mind set and biases
press on philosophy
rapidly degrading operating conditions

Question 15

What are the three levels of Situational awareness

Answer 15

capturing current cues and clues
comprehending the situation
predicting the future

Question 16

Levels of situational awareness are influenced by what?

Answer 16

your mental state, training, experience, and personal values

Question 17

What are the 3 steps in the ISO read-risk model?

Answer 17

Collect info- SA cues and clues
Analyze
Judge Risk

Question 18

What do you do under the collect information step in ISO read-risk model

Answer 18

Read building, smoke, and read firefighters if the have SA and doing predictable things

Question 19

What do you do under the Analyze step of ISO read-risk model

Answer 19

Define principle hazards
determine whether there are survivable spaces
compare rate of change with the fire ground clock (ahead or behind the change curve)
determine what is being gained by fire service actions

Question 20

What do you do under the judge risk step of ISO read-risk model?

Answer 20

Risk acceptable or unacceptable

Question 21

What is rescue profiling?

Answer 21

Using all information inputs to rate survivability

Question 22

How can survivability be rated?

Answer 22

High-Go
Marginal-Go with Caution
Zero-No Go

Question 23

What is the US Coast Guard SPE model

Answer 23

Severity, 1-5 (1 min harm - 5 potential death)
probability, 1-5 (1 not likely - 5 high certainty)
exposure 1-4 ( 1 within protective controls - 4 exceeds protection)

Question 24

How are each input in us coast guard spe model totaled?

Answer 24

3 numbers multiplied together

Question 25

What are the benchmarks for SPE model?

Answer 25

50-80 reassess risk taking over 80 abandon mission

Question 26

What are the benchmarks for SPE model in fire service?

Answer 26

Known trapped
1-50 acceptable risk
51-80 marginal risk monitor risk
81-100 prepare for rapid withdrawl

unkown or no victims
1-20 acceptable
21-50 marginal
51-100 unacceptable risk defensive only