chapter 8

Question 1

3 goals of sport psychology

Answer 1

measure psychological phenomena
investigate the relationship between psychological variables and performance
applying theoretical knowledge to improce athletic performance

Question 2

state anxiety

Answer 2

the actual experience of apprehensions and uncontrolled arousal

Question 3

trait anxiety

Answer 3

personality characteristic which represents a latent disposition to perceive situations as threatening

Question 4

what happens during an anxious state when arousal is uncontrolled

Answer 4

a high degree of ego-involvement in which the athlete may perceive a threat to self esteem
a perceived discrepancy between one’s ability and the demands for athletic success
a fear of the consequences f failure (loss of approval from teammates or coach)

Question 5

cognitive anxiety

Answer 5

a psychological state involving task-irrelevant mental processes that are negative in nature, can deter performance propotionally , THE MORE THE ATHLETE EXPERIENCES COGNITIVE ANXIETY THE WORSE THE PERFORMANCE phsyical symptoms such as tense muscles, tachycardia (fast heart rate)

Question 6

somatic anxiety

Answer 6

uncontrolled arousal influenced by cognitive anxiety, shows an invertd U relationship to performance

Question 7

psychic arousal or energy

Answer 7

a continuum of psychological intensity, activation and focus. positively related to performance

Question 8

physiological arousal

Answer 8

a psychologial neural intensity dimension of physical arousal

Question 9

selective attention is referred to by athletes as?

Answer 9

their level of focus and refers to the suppression of task irrelevant stimuli and thoughts

Question 10

preparatory routine

Answer 10

consciously directs thought to task-relevant and controllable concerns

Question 11

what explains why teams lose against easy teams

Answer 11

cue utilization

Question 12

broad external attentional focus

Answer 12

ability to effectively manage many environmental stimuli simultaneously

Question 13

overloaded by external stimuli

Answer 13

tendency to be confused because of the intake of too many stimuli

Question 14

broad internal attentional focus

Answer 14

ability to effectively manage many internal stimuli

Question 15

overloaded by internal stimuli

Answer 15

tendency to be confused because of the intake of too many stimuli

Question 16

narrow attentional focus

Answer 16

ability to effectively narrow attention

Question 17

reduced attentional focus

Answer 17

tendency to reduce attention so that task-relvant information is lost

Question 18

ideal performance state

Answer 18

absence of fear
no thinking about performance
a narrow focus of attention on activity
a sense of effortlessness
a sense of personal control
a distortion of time and space